The Bed Bug Resurgence in Asia

Lee, Chow-Yang; Hirao, Motokazu; Wang, Changlu; Xu, Yijuan

doi:10.1002/9781119171539.ch6

Cited by 9 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…These reports suggest the possibility of C. hemipterus further expanding outside of their historical range. While the range of C. lectularius and C. hemipterus overlap [5,6] and the two species can mate with each other, viable hybrids are not typically produced [1,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenesis of Aldehyde Pheromones in Two Synanthropic Bed Bug Species (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

Dery

Arriola

Lee

et al. 2020

Insects

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Bed bugs produce volatile aldehydes that have alarm and aggregation functions. Using two synanthropic bed bug species, Cimex lectularius L. and C. hemipterus (Fabricius), developmental changes were examined for (E)-2-hexenal, 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-octenal, and 4-oxo-(E)-2-octenal, the four most abundant aldehydes shared between the two species. Quantitative analyses of the aldehydes in the nymphal exuviae indicated that the aldehydes’ ratio remained similar throughout nymphal development. In general, (E)-2-octenal was most abundant, and (E)-2-hexenal and 4-oxo-(E)-2-octenal were least abundant. The fourth aldehyde, 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal, was present in intermediate quantities. The quantities and percent abundances of the aldehydes in nymphal exuviae and the adults were significantly different between C. lectularius and C. hemipterus. The ratio between (E)-2-hexenal and (E)-2-octenal was determined in adult male and female bed bugs of each species. Adult C. hemipterus had a higher proportion of (E)-2-hexenal than C. lectularius, while no sex differences were found. This work provides the first systematic quantification of four aldehydes [(E)-2-hexenal, 4-oxo-(E)-2-hexenal, (E)-2-octenal and 4-oxo-(E)-2-octenal] for all five of the nymphal stages for both C. lectularius and C. hemipterus.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ontogenesis of Aldehyde Pheromones in Two Synanthropic Bed Bug Species (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

Dery

Arriola

Lee

et al. 2020

Insects

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“…At the end of the 1980s and 1990s, pyrethroid insecticides such as permethrin, cypermethrin, and deltamethrin were introduced as alternatives. However, they have lesser residual stability than organochlorines and organophosphates [61,68]. Along wide use of mentioned insecticide, several resistance cases of C. lectularius and C. hemipterus populations were reported worldwide [69,70].…”

Section: Current Challenge Of Bed Bug Infestation and In-access Manag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bed bugs are among the most challenging insects to control due to their resistance to different families of insecticides, the lack of other effective control methods, and the behavior of these insects that take advantage of the slightest hiding place in the human environment to hide and reproduce [ 43 , 60 ]. Despite significant developments in control strategies over the last three decades, they continue to invade, preferentially those from low socioeconomic communities, due to inaccessibility or limited effective control options [ 61 ]. Therefore, infestations in low-income houses can become massive and serve as insecticide-resistant bed bug reservoirs for spread throughout the community.…”

Section: Current Challenge Of Bed Bug Infestation and In-access Manag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the first insecticide-resistant cases (DDT) was reported in 1947 in Hawaii [ 71 ]. Besides resistance to DDT, chemical control failures were also reported with other organochlorines (e.g., gamma-HCH, methoxychlor, dieldrin, aldrin, and endrin), organophosphates (e.g., malathion) and carbamates (e.g., carbaryl) from 1957 to 1972 in different regions of the world [ 61 , 72 , 73 ]. Furthermore, field-caught bed bugs were resistant to pyrethroids such as neopynamine and sumithrin [ 61 , 74 ].…”

Section: Current Challenge Of Bed Bug Infestation and In-access Manag...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bed Bugs (Hemiptera, Cimicidae): A Global Challenge for Public Health and Control Management

et al. 2023

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Bed bugs, Cimex lectularius, and C. hemipterus are among the most common ectoparasites in human life worldwide. They feed on humans of all ages and sexes across all socioeconomic levels. Bed bugs’ blood feeding is responsible for a wide range of clinical manifestations varying from minor reactions to bullous eruptions or severe allergies. In addition, they are responsible for considerable psychological distress. Therefore, diagnosis of bed bug bites and their consequence manifestations is beneficial in adapting remedies and treatment protocols advised by clinicians. So far, there is regrettably no definitive way to control these ectoparasites despite extensive efforts of public health authorities to manage them. An overview of the literature and medical documents gathered from bed bug-infested patients referred to the Parasitology and Dermatology departments of Avicenne Hospital (Bobigny, France) allowed us to document and illustrate a range of clinical disorders and psychological concerns caused by bed bugs’ bites and their clinical diagnosis. We also review the available tools currently used to control the bed bugs and present potential candidate methods for their successful eradication.

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“…In particular, the growing number of C. hemipterus infestations in Southeast Asia has gained public attention in the recent decade [ 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 ]. Moreover, the two species can now be found coexisting in several parts of the world including Africa [ 15 ], Australia [ 16 ], Taiwan [ 17 ], Florida [ 18 ], and Japan [ 19 ] indicating that preconditioning or acclimatization may result in the overlapping of their geographical distributions. The increasing wide spread of bed bug infestations demands an understanding of their population biology and infestation dynamics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infestation Pattern and Population Dynamics of the Tropical Bed Bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Based on Novel Microsatellites and mtDNA Markers

Mohammad

Soh

Ismail

et al. 2020

Insects

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The tropical bed bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.), has now emerged as an important public health pest in the tropics. Despite its alarming infestation rate, the information on its population genetics remains scarce. Here, we described the infestation structure and population dynamics of C. hemipterus in the tropics, especially Malaysia and Singapore, based on eight novel microsatellites and two mtDNA markers, including cytochrome c oxidase I (COI) and 16S rRNA genes. Across populations, microsatellite data revealed high genetic diversity with significant genetic differentiation and restricted gene flow. Analysis within populations revealed evidence of a recent bottleneck. Nonetheless, elevated genetic diversity in nearly all populations suggests that the propagule in C. hemipterus populations were much diverse, distantly related (mean r = 0.373), and not significantly inbred (mean FIS = 0.24) than that observed in Cimex lectularius from previous studies. We observed seven mtDNA haplotypes across the 18 populations studied (Hd = 0.593) and several populations displayed more than one matrilineal descent. The two markers were generally congruent in suggesting a common, genetically diverse (especially at the nuclear region) source population with possibilities of multiple introductions for the bed bug populations in the present study.

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The Bed Bug Resurgence in Asia

Cited by 9 publications

References 12 publications

Ontogenesis of Aldehyde Pheromones in Two Synanthropic Bed Bug Species (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

Ontogenesis of Aldehyde Pheromones in Two Synanthropic Bed Bug Species (Heteroptera: Cimicidae)

Bed Bugs (Hemiptera, Cimicidae): A Global Challenge for Public Health and Control Management

Infestation Pattern and Population Dynamics of the Tropical Bed Bug, Cimex hemipterus (F.) (Hemiptera: Cimicidae) Based on Novel Microsatellites and mtDNA Markers

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