The Behavioral and Neurochemical Changes Induced by Boldenone And/Or Tramadol in Adult Male Rats

Mowaad, Noha A.; El-Shamarka, Marwa  EA; Khadrawy, Yasser A.

doi:10.2139/ssrn.4030542

Cited by 2 publications

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“…Mowaad et al [33 ▪ ] recently confirmed the adverse effects of androgen administration on brain tissue. In their experimental model, they concluded that boldenone and/or tramadol induced impairments in memory and cognitive functions.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Experimental studies on androgen administration in animal models: current and future perspectives

Sessa

Esposito

Salerno

2022

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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Purpose of reviewThis review aims to report the most recent (2020–2022) experimental scientific studies conducted on animal models, in order to highlight the relevant findings on the adverse effects related to androgen administration.Recent findingsForty-one studies published between January 2020 and July 2022 were selected. The majority of studies investigated the effects of one androgen, whereas only four studies analyzed the effects of two drugs. Nandrolone decanoate was the most investigated drug (20 articles), boldenone was tested in 8 articles, testosterone and stanozolol were used in 7 articles each, 17b-trenbolone, metandienone, and oxandrolone were tested in 1 article each. The articles clarify the adverse effects of androgen administration on the heart, brain, kidney, liver, reproductive and musculoskeletal systems.SummaryThe main findings of this review highlight that androgen administration increases inflammatory mediators, altering different biochemical parameters. The results concerning the reversibility of the adverse effects are controversial: on the one hand, several studies suggested that by stopping the androgen administration, the organs return to their initial state; on the other hand, the alteration of different biochemical parameters could generate irreversible organ damage. Moreover, this review highlights the importance of animal studies that should be better organized in order to clarify several important aspects related to androgen abuse to fill the gap in our knowledge in this research field.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

Experimental studies on androgen administration in animal models: current and future perspectives

Sessa

Esposito

Salerno

2022

Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes &Amp; Obesity

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Role of apoptosis and autophagy in mediating tramadol-induced neurodegeneration in the rat hippocampus

et al. 2023

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BackgroundTramadol (TRA) is a pain killer, which its abuse is widely increased during recent years, but clear mechanism for induction of neurotoxicity remains unclear. The present study aims to investigate involvement of apoptosis and autophagy signaling pathways and also mitochondrial system on TRA induced neurotoxicity. Materials and MethodsSixthy adult male rats were randomly divided into ve groups that received standard saline and TRA in doses of 25, 50, 75, 100 and 150 mg/kg as intraperitoneal administration for 21 days, respectively. In 22th day, Open Field Test (OFT), as standard test for hippocampal cell damages was used. Also hippocampal level of JNK, Bcl-2, Beclin1 and Bax proteins as well as mitochondrial quadruple complex enzymes was measured ResultsTRA at doses 75,100 and 150 mg/kg causes dysfunction in OFT behavioral and also in mentioned high doses could increases level of both activated (total) and non-activated from of JNK and also increased Beclin-1 and Bax. TRA at doses of 75,100 and 150 mg/kg increased phosphorylated form of Bcl-2 level while decreased un-phosphorylated (total form) form of Bcl-2. ConclusionAccording to obtained data, TRA causes activation of apoptosis and or autophagy processes via modulation of TNF-α or IL-1β/JNK/Bcl-2/Beclin1 and Bcl-2/Bax signaling pathway and causes dysfunction of mitochondrial respiratory chain enzymes.

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The Behavioral and Neurochemical Changes Induced by Boldenone And/Or Tramadol in Adult Male Rats

Cited by 2 publications

References 0 publications

Experimental studies on androgen administration in animal models: current and future perspectives

Experimental studies on androgen administration in animal models: current and future perspectives

Role of apoptosis and autophagy in mediating tramadol-induced neurodegeneration in the rat hippocampus

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