The Belt-and-Road Initiative as a paradigm change for European Union-China security cooperation? The case of Central Asia

Barton, Benjamin

doi:10.1007/s10308-021-00606-6

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…In any case, it is crucial to emphasize that our analytical framework presents only one possible approach to the analysis of city networks. For example, research on Asia-Europe connections in the context of the BRI [63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71], although sharing a similar metageographical outlook, focuses on different types of networks altogether. These and other city network approaches should be seen as complementary, but each have their strengths and limitations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections between Asian and European World Cities: Measurement, Analysis, and Evaluation

Derudder

Feng

Shen

et al. 2022

Land

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Although world regions continue to be a key feature of the geographical imagination, there has been relatively little innovative research on world regionalization through the lens of city connections. Against the backdrop of an increasingly urban and interconnected world, in this paper, we evaluate the connections between European and Asian world cities. Based on a model conjecturing intercity connections through office locations of globalized producer services firms, we analyze the networks of both regions’ major cities. To this end, we establish frameworks that allow (1) comparison of the level of connectivity of cities and (2) analysis of the strength and orientation of the interactions between cities. We find that both Europe and Asia have a larger number of well-connected cities than any other world region. Both regions are roughly comparable in terms of the distribution of their urban connectivities, but there are some notable differences (e.g., Asia’s system being more top-heavy) and evolutions (e.g., Asian cities gaining more connectivity over the last decade). There are also two geographical dimensions to the interpretations of these patterns of urban connectivity: (1) the variegated importance of state-spaces (e.g., national gateways) and (2) the uneven regional focus of intercity connections (e.g., Luxembourg and Singapore being less dependent on regional connections). We use our findings to argue that the time is ripe for a more nuanced and contextualized answer to the question of how cities (can) act politically on the global scale in general and Asia–Europe relations in particular.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Connections between Asian and European World Cities: Measurement, Analysis, and Evaluation

Derudder

Feng

Shen

et al. 2022

Land

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“…As an example, China has engaged in joint military wearing things to do and functionality developing efforts with worldwide Nations which embody Pakistan and Thailand to enhance security collaboration. The ones efforts are aimed towards addressing problems which consists of counter-terrorism, maritime security, and cybersecurity (Barton 2021).…”

Section: Security Cooperationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mapping Regional Security Dynamics: Traditional and Non-Traditional Perspectives on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

Nazir,

Saleem,

Khan

et al. 2024

JPR

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The research article delves into the multifaceted security dimensions of China's Belt and Road Initiative (BRI) and its domain allegations. Securitization Theory and Non-Traditional Security Cooperation Theory, find out about scrutinizes traditional challenges like geopolitical rivalries and military engagements, revealing their intertwined nature with financial development. Non-traditional security concerns, along with terrorism threats and cybersecurity issues, add in addition complexity to the BRI. The research emphasizes China's proactive policies, analysing security cooperation, threat valuation, prison frameworks, and infrastructure protection measures. It underscores China's dedication to safeguarding investments distant places whilst merchandising stability. The research about additionally explores regional safety cooperation, highlighting the interconnectedness of traditional and non-traditional security dynamics. Overall, the findings illuminate the refined stability wanted in decision-making for sustainable improvement inside the BRI, showcasing the nuanced interaction between China's monetary ambitions, security considerations, and evolving geopolitical dynamics, offering each possibilities and challenges for China and its associate states concerned in the initiative.

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“…The EU wants to develop its own mechanism in Central Asia in the context of liberal democratic norms and it would oppose the China's preference to run as the state-driven response in the region. The EU's normative policy in Central Asia could be the cause of China's suspicion (Barton, 2021). Ian Manners has described an actor's role in international politics and talks about his capability what kind of changes wants to bring and the ability to ''shape what can be "normal" in international life' (Manners, 2002, p. 253).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union’s Economic Development Strategy and Cooperation with the Countries of Central Asia

Bharti

2023

NPW

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The purpose of this study is to analyse the European Union (EU) economic and development cooperation in Central Asia. EU’s economic support to Central Asian countries strengthens its position in this region. Central Asia is a key strategic area for cooperation and the EU seems to have deeper engagement. Moreover, this research highlights the EU’s strategic gear up with Central Asian countries from 2007 to till now. Since the EU launched the Central Asia Strategy in 2007, the objective of this policy is to provide development assistance and establish diplomatic channels in the region. The following research questions rely on, why is Central Asia important to the EU and how does it shape relations with Central Asian countries? And this study relies on qualitative analysis that will be used in this research which addresses the main research problems. Further, the study uses the empirical approach to justify answers to the questions and identify the research outcomes.

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The Belt-and-Road Initiative as a paradigm change for European Union-China security cooperation? The case of Central Asia

Cited by 6 publications

References 33 publications

Connections between Asian and European World Cities: Measurement, Analysis, and Evaluation

Connections between Asian and European World Cities: Measurement, Analysis, and Evaluation

Mapping Regional Security Dynamics: Traditional and Non-Traditional Perspectives on the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI)

The European Union’s Economic Development Strategy and Cooperation with the Countries of Central Asia

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