The Big Breakfast Study: Chrono‐nutrition influence on energy expenditure and bodyweight

Ruddick-Collins, Leonie C.; Johnston, Jonathan D.; Morgan, Peter J.; Johnstone, Alexandra M.

doi:10.1111/nbu.12323

Cited by 68 publications

(70 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Taken together, the results of these trials supported that eTRF can cause weight loss primarily through reducing hunger and partly through minor increases in the thermic effect of food, while also independently improving metabolic parameters. Human clinical trials aimed at better defining the contribution of endogenous circadian physiology to these effects are currently underway as part of the Big Breakfast Study (122).…”

Section: Early Time-restricted Feeding (Etrf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Rhythms and the Circadian Regulation of Metabolism

2020

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The molecular circadian clock regulates metabolic processes within the cell, and the alignment of these clocks between tissues is essential for the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis. The possibility of misalignment arises from the differential responsiveness of tissues to the environmental cues that synchronize the clock (zeitgebers). Although light is the dominant environmental cue for the master clock of the suprachiasmatic nucleus, many other tissues are sensitive to feeding and fasting. When rhythms of feeding behavior are altered, for example by shift work or the constant availability of highly palatable foods, strong feedback is sent to the peripheral molecular clocks. Varying degrees of phase shift can cause the systemic misalignment of metabolic processes. Moreover, when there is a misalignment between the endogenous rhythms in physiology and environmental inputs, such as feeding during the inactive phase, the body's ability to maintain homeostasis is impaired. The loss of phase coordination between the organism and environment, as well as internal misalignment between tissues, can produce cardiometabolic disease as a consequence. The aim of this review is to synthesize the work on the mechanisms and metabolic effects of circadian misalignment. The timing of food intake is highlighted as a powerful environmental cue with the potential to destroy or restore the synchrony of circadian rhythms in metabolism.

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Section: Early Time-restricted Feeding (Etrf)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Feeding Rhythms and the Circadian Regulation of Metabolism

2020

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“…In addition, food consumption between meals increases, with evidence of higher consumption of foods of low nutritional value [17]. Moreover, increased risk of obesity and related health conditions have been associated with breakfast skipping and late-night eating [18][19][20], indicating morning energy intake may have substantial health benefits [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Patterns of Breakfast Consumption Among Chilean University Students

Díaz-Torrente

Dourado

2020

Nutrients

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Breakfast is one of the most important meals of the day. A good quality breakfast must include dairy products, cereals, and fruits. The aim of this study is to determine breakfast dietary patterns and their nutritional quality among Chilean university students. A cross-sectional non-probabilistic study was conducted in 200 university students between 18 and 27 years in Santiago, Chile. To identify dietary patterns and breakfast quality, a breakfast food survey was conducted. Patterns were identified by factor analysis. Most of the subjects (53%) ate breakfast daily, with a higher prevalence among females (60.2% vs. 43.7%, p < 0.05); 68% did not consume fruits and 17.5% had good breakfast quality, with no differences by sex. Four breakfast dietary patterns were identified: “dairy & cereals”, “healthy”, “traditional salty” and “traditional sweet” that together explained 35.6% of the total variance. There was no sex difference in predominant dietary patterns. The “dairy & cereals” and “traditional sweet” patterns were associated with regularly eating breakfast (β: −0.47, p = 0.001; β: −0.32, p = 0.020) and the “healthy” pattern with BMI ≥25 kg/m2 (β: 0.35, p = 0.024). In conclusion, breakfast quality was inadequate due to low fruit consumption and energy intake. The four identified patterns included cereals, bread, dairy, fats and sugars. Results may be usual in the planning of future interventions aimed at improving breakfast consumption and quality in university students.

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“…Chrono‐nutrition studies, such as The Big Breakfast Study (Ruddick‐Collins et al . ), which will characterise the physiological and metabolic responses to nutrients across the 24‐hour day, will help shed light on the mechanisms underpinning working hours and cardiometabolic health. There is also a need for further qualitative work to understand drivers of dietary choice in employees.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Evidence in the area of ‘chrono‐nutrition’ – the interaction between nutrition and time of eating (Ruddick‐Collins et al . ) – highlights the importance of collecting dietary data alongside data on eating patterns ( e.g . time, frequency).…”

Section: The Methodological Challenges Of Investigating Diet and Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Working hours and cardiometabolic health – an emerging area of nutritional research

Gibson

2018

Nutrition Bulletin

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Multifactorial work‐related diseases are diseases that occur in the general population, but may be exacerbated or partially caused by occupational exposures. There is increasing evidence to suggest that type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular diseases are associated with duration and time of working hours. Despite the role of diet in the aetiology of cardiometabolic disease being well established, gaps remain in understanding the relationship between working hours and diet. Studies that have compared the diets of shift to non‐shift workers have reported inconsistent results, likely due to the heterogeneity of study design, including variations in the industry studied and dietary measurement methods used. There is a paucity of research investigating dietary intakes across different shift types, both inside and outside of working hours and in relation to duration of working hours. From the published research that exists, there appears to be growing consensus that night working is associated with a change in the temporal distribution of energy intake and poorer food choices. Epidemiological studies have shown that consuming a higher percentage of energy during the evening is positively associated with metabolic syndrome, while controlled studies have demonstrated an altered metabolic response to eating at night compared to during daytime hours. In the UK, 15% of the working population are employed in jobs that require shift work and 13% of employees work more than 48 hours per week. Understanding the complex relationship between working hours, diet and cardiometabolic health will provide an opportunity to improve the health of a significant proportion of the population.

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The Big Breakfast Study: Chrono‐nutrition influence on energy expenditure and bodyweight

Cited by 68 publications

References 36 publications

Feeding Rhythms and the Circadian Regulation of Metabolism

Feeding Rhythms and the Circadian Regulation of Metabolism

Dietary Patterns of Breakfast Consumption Among Chilean University Students

Working hours and cardiometabolic health – an emerging area of nutritional research

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