The bite is worse than the bark: Associations of personality and depressive symptoms with memory discrepancy.

Abstract

The discrepancy between subjective memory rating and objective memory performance is the tendency to misestimate one's memory. For example, better self-rated memory compared to performance on memory tasks reflects an overestimation of one's memory. This discrepancy may shape how individuals cognitively age: Overestimating one's memory could mask incident cognitive decline and underestimation could act as a negative self-fulfilling prophecy. This study sought to examine the association between personality traits and depressive symptoms and memory discrepancy in five large samples of middle-aged and older adults (N > 23,000). We preregistered three hypotheses: neuroticism would be related to underestimation, extraversion to overestimation, and conscientiousness to higher accuracy. Controlling for sociodemographic covariates (age, gender, race, ethnicity, and education), results from regression models were pooled using random-effect meta-analyses. Openness was associated with underestimation of memory performance. Contrary to our hypothesis, neuroticism was related to overestimation. Surprisingly, depressive

Subjective age and personality traits in older adults: Reciprocal and indirect effects through positive and negative affect.

“…Another limitation is the low reliability scores of the MIDI personality scales, particularly those of Neuroticism. Though relatively low, they were, nevertheless, similar to a recent study with the MIDI (Aschwanden et al, 2022). Further studies are also needed to enable generalising from the two measured personality traits to other personality traits.…”

Personality traits and mediating pathways to mortality risk: A systematic review.

“…Personality traits are associated with a broad range of health-related processes and outcomes, such as the tendency to smoke (Mroczek et al, 2009), aerobic capacity (Terracciano et al, 2013), drug use (Terracciano et al, 2008), self-rated physical health (Turiano, Pitzer, et al, 2012), cholesterol (Sutin, Terracciano, Deiana, Naitza, et al, 2010), inflammatory biomarkers (Sutin, Terracciano, Deiana, Uda, et al, 2010), cognitive health (Sutin et al, 2022), and risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, and cardiovascular disease (Aschwanden et al, 2022; Terracciano et al, 2021). While personality traits are linked to a broad range of health-related factors, it is still unclear which factors provide an indirect (mediating) pathway linking these traits to future mortality risk.…”

Personality traits and mediating pathways to mortality risk: A systematic review

“…Personality traits are associated with a broad range of health-related processes and outcomes, such as the tendency to smoke (Mroczek et al, 2009), aerobic capacity (Terracciano et al, 2013), drug use (Terracciano et al, 2008), self-rated physical health (Turiano, Pitzer, et al, 2012), cholesterol (Sutin, Terracciano, Deiana, Naitza, et al, 2010), inflammatory biomarkers , cognitive health (Sutin et al, 2022), and risk of developing Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and cardiovascular disease (Aschwanden et al, 2022;Terracciano et al, 2021). While personality traits are linked to a broad range of health-related factors, it is still unclear which factors provide an indirect (mediating) pathway linking these traits to future mortality risk.…”