The Blue Line on Thin Ice: Police Use of Force Modifications in the Era of Cameraphones and<i>YouTube</i>

Brown, Gregory R.

doi:10.1093/bjc/azv052

Cited by 98 publications

(110 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Those who rely on Michel Foucault's (1977) panoptic model, one which presumes that surveillance can be used to observe, correct, and discipline behaviour, are likely to conclude that increasing police visibility is a recipe for disciplining police behaviour, and this conclusion has received some empirical support (Brown 2015). However, I am somewhat skeptical of the idea that we can confidently make the conclusion that increasing police visibility also increases disciplined behaviour among police officers.…”

Section: Concluding Discussion: Discipline and Camera-friendly Policingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Accordingly, the police's growing visibility has been the subject of extensive debate and speculation in recent years, likely in response to the regular influx of controversial videos showing police violence (Wilson and Serisier 2010;Greer and McLaughlin 2010, 2011Stuart 2011;Toch 2012;Schaefer and Steinmetz 2014;Evans 2015;Brown 2015;Sandhu and Haggerty 2015). Activist organizations like CopWatch (see http://www.berkeleycopwatch.org) speculate that the surveillance of police offers citizens a new way to expose abuses of power and deter misconduct.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Camera-friendly Policing: How the Police Respond to Cameras and Photographers

Sandhu

2016

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How do police respond to the presence of cameras and photographers? Many speculative theories have been proposed offering mixed and sometimes contradictory answers to this question. Some theories propose that cameras will deter police misconduct, others suggest that cameras might improve police accountability, others suggest that police might respond to cameras by engaging in a risk-averse style of policing. Unfortunately, little empirical data is available to assess these theories. Drawing on data from a participant-observation research study conducted in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada, this paper helps fill this gap in research and argues that police might be learning to adapt to cameras by engage in what I call camera-friendly policing. This style of policing involves efforts to control how the police are perceived by photographers, and how they will be perceived by viewers of any recorded footage. In this paper, I outline the basic elements of the police's camera-friendly tactics, and discuss the implications of these tactics for contemporary understandings of police visibility.

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Section: Concluding Discussion: Discipline and Camera-friendly Policingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Camera-friendly Policing: How the Police Respond to Cameras and Photographers

Sandhu

2016

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“…A burgeoning body of literature demonstrates how policing has transformed from a low‐visibility occupation to a high‐visibility one, bringing with it a substantial increase in the public exposure to police misconduct (Goldsmith ; see also Greer and McLaughlin ; Sandhu and Haggerty ; Brown ). Together, these works show how (mainly uniformed) police officers today work in unrelenting techno‐social contexts in which their deviant behaviour can be captured on film – notably through the ubiquitous ownership of smart phones – and shared instantaneously with mass audiences via social media platforms.…”

Section: Covert Policing and The ‘New Visibility’mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, this is increasingly untenable – particularly in Western liberal democracies, bound up as they are with broader social changes, which have sharply called police authority into question (Loader and Mulcahy ; Mastrofski, Worden and Snipes ; Tyler ). In particular, the open use of coercion by visible (uniformed) forms of police towards sections of the public is losing ground as officers now operate in pervasive techno‐social circumstances, where their behaviour is routinely captured on film and disseminated instantaneously via social communication platforms (Brown ; Goldsmith ). Covert policing, I will show, provides an alternative power resource largely uncoupled from the spectacle of mainstream policing since it avoid the conflicts and reputational threats which increasingly accompany overt policing practices.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Normalizing covert surveillance: the subterranean world of policing

Loftus

2019

British Journal of Sociology

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In this article, I draw on data derived from an ethnographic field study of covert policing in the United Kingdom to demonstrate that the deployment of covert surveillance has become normalized, both in policing thought and operational practice. In a break with earlier patterns, the methods of covert surveillance are used extensively and are no longer regarded as a tactic of last resort. Covert policing is well anchored within organizational arrangements, empowered by a series of internal rationales mobilized to justify the expansion of covert tactics over and above more traditional, overt forms. The building of intrusive and exceptional policing practices within mundane contexts, I argue, is one of the ways the police have adapted to a broader policing environment characterized by public scepticism and distrust. Policing relies on the invisibility and low profile that comes with covert work, in order to govern contemporary concerns of crime and insecurity without the conflicts which can accompany – and trouble – overt policing practices. As mainstream policing becomes an increasingly extroverted enterprise, introverted forms of policing have come to the fore.

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“…The biggest advantage of camera phone shooting is that when you meet a very interesting thing in your life, you do not need certain digital cameras and need not think about which poses are more suitable. You can show the effectiveness of pictures and better restore the space just by record existing scenes [7]. …”

Section: A the Momentary Recording Of Camera Phone Photographymentioning

confidence: 99%

A Brief Talk about Camera Phone Photography in the Era of Digital Photography

Yang¹

2018

Proceedings of the 2018 2nd International Conference on Management, Education and Social Science (ICMESS 2018)

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Abstract-The development of the modern society and the advancement of science and technology provides people with more methods and channels to gain images. Digital photography, which used to be a method to obtain high quality pictures, begins pursuing more convenient operation and easier intelligent user experience. Meanwhile, the number of shutterbugs is increasing. Photography becomes increasingly closely related to people's life. An age of mass photography has come. With the lowered barrier to entry for photography, cameras, which were rare in the past, are necessities in the modern life. Now everyone can be a citizen journalist. With the constant renewal of smart phones, the level of camera phone photography has been significantly improved. Today, photography is entering a "micro" era. The size of photographic equipment is becoming increasingly smaller while the quality of images is maintained. Therefore, the scientific and technological aesthetics and aesthetic connotation presented by camera phone photography has become a force that can not be ignored in the modern society. This article mainly expounds the development trend of mobile phone photography through three angles: the actual effect of mobile phone photography, the commercial needs and the historical needs. And through the summary of the characteristics of mobile phone photography, it will provide new ideas for future photography creation.

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The Blue Line on Thin Ice: Police Use of Force Modifications in the Era of Cameraphones andYouTube

Cited by 98 publications

References 53 publications

Camera-friendly Policing: How the Police Respond to Cameras and Photographers

Camera-friendly Policing: How the Police Respond to Cameras and Photographers

Normalizing covert surveillance: the subterranean world of policing

A Brief Talk about Camera Phone Photography in the Era of Digital Photography

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