‘The Bold are the Sociable’: Personality traits and laterality in an indigenous megafish, the Deccan Mahseer (Tor khudree)

Varma, Vishwanath; Vasoya, Harsh; Jain, Anushka; Binoy, V. V.

doi:10.1007/s10228-020-00744-8

Cited by 13 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…In a similar vein, shy guppies (P. reticulata) had more network connections which were stronger than those of bold fish (Croft et al, 2009), but other work with the same species found no relationship (Irving & Brown, 2013) and in male guppies, there is instead evidence of a positive correlation between sociability and boldness (Irving & Brown, 2013). Varma et al (2020) also documented a positive correlation between boldness and sociability in the fish Deccan mahseer (Tor khudree). Contrasting trends are also seen across studies that used different populations of three-spined sticklebacks (G. aculeatus), with some finding the expected negative correlation between boldness and sociability (Ward et al, 2004), but others finding no relationship (Jolles et al, 2017;Bevan et al, 2018).…”

Section: Relationship To Other Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 85%

“…Ingenious experimental design may be able to estimate or manipulate motivation in a social context, and demonstrate how motivation affects the correlation of sociability with other personality traits, sociability's proximate causes, or the fitness and ecological consequences of sociability. Beyond interest from behavioural biologists, much of the research in this area uses animals as models for understanding the mechanisms behind variation in social behaviour in humans (Buffington et al ., 2016; Kondrakiewicz et al ., 2019; Brenner et al ., 2020). Additionally, many social species are important to humans for food (Ginelli et al ., 2015), as pests (Bazazi et al ., 2010; Thorlacius & Brodin, 2018) or because their populations are threatened (VanderWaal et al ., 2014; Varma et al ., 2020). Consistent variation in social tendency towards other species is also an important line of research, given the close association between our species and companion animals, particularly dogs (Jakovcevic, Mustaca & Bentosela, 2012; Kis et al ., 2014; Persson et al ., 2015, 2016).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Varma et al . (2020) also documented a positive correlation between boldness and sociability in the fish Deccan mahseer ( Tor khudree ). Contrasting trends are also seen across studies that used different populations of three‐spined sticklebacks ( G. aculeatus ), with some finding the expected negative correlation between boldness and sociability (Ward et al ., 2004), but others finding no relationship (Jolles et al ., 2017; Bevan et al ., 2018).…”

Section: Relationship To Other Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Sociability as a personality trait in animals: methods, causes and consequences

et al. 2021

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Within animal populations there is variation among individuals in their tendency to be social, where more sociable individuals associate more with other individuals. Consistent inter‐individual variation in ‘sociability’ is considered one of the major axes of personality variation in animals along with aggressiveness, activity, exploration and boldness. Not only is variation in sociability important in terms of animal personalities, but it holds particular significance for, and can be informed by, two other topics of major interest: social networks and collective behaviour. Further, knowledge of what generates inter‐individual variation in social behaviour also holds applied implications, such as understanding disorders of social behaviour in humans. In turn, research using non‐human animals in the genetics, neuroscience and physiology of these disorders can inform our understanding of sociability. For the first time, this review brings together insights across these areas of research, across animal taxa from primates to invertebrates, and across studies from both the laboratory and field. We show there are mixed results in whether and how sociability correlates with other major behavioural traits. Whether and in what direction these correlations are observed may differ with individual traits such as sex and body condition, as well as ecological conditions. A large body of evidence provides the proximate mechanisms for why individuals vary in their social tendency. Evidence exists for the importance of genes and their expression, chemical messengers, social interactions and the environment in determining an individual's social tendency, although the specifics vary with species and other variables such as age, and interactions amongst these proximate factors. Less well understood is how evolution can maintain consistent variation in social tendencies within populations. Shifts in the benefits and costs of social tendencies over time, as well as the social niche hypothesis, are currently the best supported theories for how variation in sociability can evolve and be maintained in populations. Increased exposure to infectious diseases is the best documented cost of a greater social tendency, and benefits include greater access to socially transmitted information. We also highlight that direct evidence for more sociable individuals being safer from predators is lacking. Variation in sociability is likely to have broad ecological consequences, but beyond its importance in the spread of infectious diseases, direct evidence is limited to a few examples related to dispersal and invasive species biology. Overall, our knowledge of inter‐individual variation in sociability is highly skewed towards the proximate mechanisms. Our review also demonstrates, however, that considering research from social networks and collective behaviour greatly enriches our understanding of sociability, highlighting the need for greater integration of these approaches into future animal personality research to address the imbalance in ou...

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Section: Relationship To Other Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 85%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Relationship To Other Personality Traitsmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Sociability as a personality trait in animals: methods, causes and consequences

et al. 2021

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“…28 Overall, our results only partly support and mostly contradict the behavioural syndrome concept [1,5,87] despite the high contextual and temporal overlap of the test procedures (i.e. measuring different behaviours in the same experimental compartment in sequential assays), which increases the detectability of syndromes [8,9].…”

Section: Correlations Across Different Behavioursmentioning

confidence: 74%

Multi-assay approach shows species-associated personality patterns in two socially distinct gerbil species

Tchabovsky,

Surkova,

Savinetskaya

2023

Preprint

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We aimed to investigate whether two closely related but socially distinct species of gerbils differ in personality patterns. Using a suit of multivariate repeated assays (docility test, dark-light emergence test, startle test, novel object test, elevated platform test, and stranger test), we assessed contextual and temporal consistency of docility, boldness, exploration, anxiety, and sociability in the solitary midday gerbil,Meriones meridianus, and social Mongolian gerbil,M. unguiculatus. We revealed contextually consistent and highly repeatable sex-independent but species-specific personality traits. Species differed in temporal repeatability of different behaviours, and contextual consistency was more pronounced in solitaryM. meridianusthan in socialM. unguiculatus. This finding contradicts the social niche specialization hypothesis, which suggests that personality traits should be more consistent in more social species. Instead, we hypothesize that social complexity should favour more flexible and less consistent behavioural traits. The habituation effect indicative of learning abilities was weak in both species yet stronger in socialM. unguiculatus, supporting the relationship between the sociality level and cognitive skills. In both species, only a few different behavioural traits covaried, and the sets of correlated behaviours were species-specific such that the two species did not share any pair of correlated traits. Between-species differences in personality traits, habituation, and behavioural syndromes may be linked to differences in sociality. The lack of prominent behavioural syndromes is consistent with the idea that context-specific individual behavioural traits might be favoured to allow more flexible and adequate responses to changing environments than syndromes of correlated functionally different behaviours.

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“…The copyright holder for this preprint this version posted June 9, 2023. ; https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.06.09.543342 doi: bioRxiv preprint correlation between sociability and boldness (Deccan mahseer, Tor khudree (21)), while others show no correlation (guppies, Poecilia reticulata (22,23)).…”

Section: Boldnessmentioning

confidence: 99%

An exploratory study of behavioral traits and the establishment of social relationships in female laboratory rats

Hakataya,

Katsu,

Okanoya

et al. 2023

Preprint

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There is growing evidence that social relationships influence individual fitness through various effects. Clarifying individual differences in social interaction patterns and determinants for such differences will lead to better understanding of sociality and its fitness consequences for animals. Behavioral traits are considered one of the determining factors of social interaction. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of individual behavioral traits on social relationship building in rats, a highly social species. Initially, the following behavioral characteristics were measured in individuals: tameness (glove test), activity (open field test), exploration (novel object test), sociability (three-chamber test), and boldness (elevated plus maze test). We then used DeepLabCut to behaviorally track three groups of four individuals (12 total) and analyze social behaviors such as approach and avoidance behaviors. Principal component analysis based on behavioral test results detected behavioral traits interpreted as related to exploration, boldness, activity, and tameness, but not sociability. In addition, behavioral tracking results showed consistent individual differences in social behavior indices such as isolation time and partner preference. Furthermore, we found that different components were correlated with different phases of social behavior; exploration and boldness were associated with the early stages of group formation, whereas activity was associated with later stages of relationship building. From these results, we derived hypothesize that personality traits related to the physical and social environment have a larger influence in the relationship formation phase, and the behavioral trait of activity becomes important in the maintenance phase of relationships. Future studies should examine this hypothesis by testing larger group sizes and ensuring there is no bias introduced into group composition.

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‘The Bold are the Sociable’: Personality traits and laterality in an indigenous megafish, the Deccan Mahseer (Tor khudree)

Cited by 13 publications

References 59 publications

Sociability as a personality trait in animals: methods, causes and consequences

Sociability as a personality trait in animals: methods, causes and consequences

Multi-assay approach shows species-associated personality patterns in two socially distinct gerbil species

An exploratory study of behavioral traits and the establishment of social relationships in female laboratory rats

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