The Burden of Fungal Infections in Ethiopia

Tufa, Tafese Beyene; Denning, David W.

doi:10.3390/jof5040109

Cited by 33 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…56 Untreated tinea capitis is associated with social stigmatisation, low quality of life and may result in complications such as scarring alopecia 57 . 051,700 vs 12,016,000,59 1,523,700 vs 1,806,000,60 53,000 vs 241,000,61 178,000 vs 580,000 62 and 4,265 vs 3,316,000,63 re-…”

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Bongomin

Olum

Nsenga

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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Tinea capitis is a common and endemic dermatophytosis among school age children in Africa. However, the true burden of the disease is unknown in Africa. We aimed to estimate the burden of tinea capitis among children <18 years of age in Africa. A systematic review was performed using Embase, MEDLINE and the Cochrane Library of Systematic Reviews to identify articles on tinea capitis among children in Africa published between January 1990 and October 2020. The United Nation's Population data (2019) were used to identify the number of children at risk of tinea capitis in each African country. Using the pooled prevalence, the country‐specific and total burden of tinea capitis was calculated. Forty studies involving a total of 229,086 children from 17/54 African countries were identified and included in the analysis. The pooled prevalence of tinea capitis was 23% (95% CI, 17%–29%) mostly caused by Trichophyton species. With a population of 600 million (46%) children, the total number of cases of tinea capitis in Africa was estimated at 138.1 (95% CI, 102.0–174.1) million cases. Over 96% (132.6 million) cases occur in sub‐Saharan Africa alone. Nigeria and Ethiopia with the highest population of children contributed 16.4% (n = 98.7 million) and 8.5% (n = 52.2 million) of cases, respectively. Majority of the participants were primary school children with a mean age of 10 years. Cases are mostly diagnosed clinically. There was a large discrepancy between the clinical and mycological diagnosis. About one in every five children in Africa has tinea capitis making it one of the most common childhood conditions in the region. A precise quantification of the burden of this neglected tropical disease is required to inform clinical and public health intervention strategies.

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confidence: 99%

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Bongomin

Olum

Nsenga

et al. 2020

Mycoses

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“…Available estimates of the incidence rate (per 100,000 population) of invasive fungal infections in different countries around the world[23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34][35][36][37][38] …”

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confidence: 99%

Update on invasive fungal infections in the Middle Eastern and North African region

et al. 2020

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In the recent years, the epidemiology of invasive fungal infections (IFIs) has changed worldwide. This is remarkably noticed with the significant increase in high-risk populations. Although surveillance of such infections is essential, data in the Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) region remain scarce. In this paper, we reviewed the existing data on the epidemiology of different IFIs in the MENA region. Epidemiological surveillance is crucial to guide optimal healthcare practices. This study can help to guide appropriate interventions and to implement antimicrobial stewardship and infection prevention and control programs in countries.

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“…Chen QK from China reported that 71.1% of their patients with PA were treated for tuberculosis (9). In Ethiopia, due to the high incidence of tuberculosis, it is not uncommon to see patients with PA (6). In this study, all patients were previously treated for tuberculosis, and the majority of them placed on a repeated course of anti-tuberculosis treatment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

“…Studies were done using modeling to estimate the global burden of PA as a sequel of pulmonary tuberculosis and showed in the range of <1 case/100,000 populations in western Europe and the USA to 42.9/100,000 population in Democratic Republic of Congo and Nigeria (5). Reflecting on the high frequency of pulmonary tuberculosis, Ethiopia has an estimated rate of 14.5 cases/100,000 population (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Surgical Outcome of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergilloma: An Experience from Two Tertiary Referral Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

Alemu

2020

Ethiop J Health Sci

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Background: Surgical management of pulmonary aspergillosis is challenging and controversial. This study is designed to assess the clinical profile, indications and surgical outcome of Pulmonary aspergilloma.Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional analysis of 72 patients who underwent pulmonary resection for pulmonary aspergilloma over the period from November, 2014, to November, 2019 was done. Data on demographic, clinical and surgical out come were retrieved. Analysis was done using SPSS version 23. Chi-square test was used to assess for significance of the association between variables and surgical outcome.Results: There were 46(63.9%) males and 26(36.1%) female patients with a mean age of 35.2+/-11.6 years (Range 16– 65 years). All patients were previously treated for tuberculosis. Cough, hemoptysis, and shortness of breath were the main symptoms identified. A ball of fungus together with the surrounding lung was removed. Accordingly, 32(44,4%) lobectomies, 12(16.7%) pneumonectomy, 7(9.7%) Bi-lobectomy,and 21(29.2%) cavernostomy were done. Intraoperative and Postoperative complications were seen in 8(11.1%) and 21(29.1%) patients respectively. Major morbidity encounters included massive intraoperative blood loss, prolonged air leak, empyema, air space, bronchopleural fistula, and wound infection. The hospital mortality was 3(4.2%) and the average hospital stay was 14.8days. Postoperative complications were evaluated for the difference in socio-demographic characteristics and other variables and a statistically significant difference was detected only for the location of aspergilloma, site of the lung involved and type of surgery done. (P-value <0.05.)Conclusion: Pulmonary resection done for pulmonary aspergilloma showed favorable outcomes when done with good patient selection, meticulous surgical techniques, and good postoperative management. However, its long term outcome and role of antifungal treatment as adjunctive therapy for surgical resection need further investigation.

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The Burden of Fungal Infections in Ethiopia

Cited by 33 publications

References 67 publications

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Estimation of the burden of tinea capitis among children in Africa

Update on invasive fungal infections in the Middle Eastern and North African region

Surgical Outcome of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergilloma: An Experience from Two Tertiary Referral Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

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