The CALUX bioassay: Current status of its application to screening food and feed

Hoogenboom, L.A.P.; Goeyens, Léo; Carbonnelle, Sophie; Loco, Joris Van; Beernaert, Hedwig; Baeyens, Willy; Traag, W.A.; Bovee, Toine F.H.; Jacobs, Griet; Schoeters, Greet

doi:10.1016/j.trac.2006.02.012

Cited by 59 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…On the basis of TEF WHO 2006 the correlation has improved (R 2 =0.91), but in this case the DR-CALUX® assay overestimated the levels 1.4-fold. This was somewhat unexpected since the new TEF values are much closer to the resulting relative potency values [10,40] in the bioassay. A selection of fish samples is taken from Tables 1 and 3 The relative 1997 TEF concentrations (percent) compared with the 2006 TEFs concentrations are given in the parentheses the DR CALUX® assay actually detects other dioxin-like compounds present in eel.…”

Section: Screening Samples Using the Dr Calux® Assaymentioning

confidence: 81%

“…6), because the DR CALUX® assay sensitivity was not optimized for the very low concentrations at the time of the study. A further improvement in sensitivity was obtained by dissolving the extract in a smaller amount of DMSO [10]. Figure 6 compares the levels based on both TEF systems, showing a good relation between the DR CALUX® assay and GC-HRMS with an almost 1:1 relationship for TEF WHO 1997 .…”

Section: Screening Samples Using the Dr Calux® Assaymentioning

confidence: 97%

“…The DR CALUX® [10] assay was used to estimate the total TEQ levels and in particular to select samples requiring were removed from the dataset (13% of the datapoints; Fig. 6), because the DR CALUX® assay sensitivity was not optimized for the very low concentrations at the time of the study.…”

Section: Screening Samples Using the Dr Calux® Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. To evaluate the suitability of the DR CALUX® bioassay [10] for screening eel samples in combination with gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls in fish from the Netherlands: concentrations, profiles and comparison with DR CALUX® bioassay results

Leeuwen

Leonards

Traag³

et al. 2007

Anal Bioanal Chem

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Fish from Dutch markets were analysed for concentrations of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (DLPCBs) and compared with the new European maximum residue levels (MRLs), set in 2006. In a first study on 11 different fish and shellfish from various locations, concentrations of PCDD/Fs were nearly all below the MRL for PCDD/Fs [4 pg toxic equivalents (TEQ) per gram wet weight (ww)] and nearly all below 8 pg total TEQ/g ww, the new MRL for the sum of PCDD/Fs and DL-PCBs. Some samples exceeded the total TEQ MRL, such as anchovy, tuna and sea bass. Furthermore, 20 (out of 39) wild eel samples exceeded the specific MRL for eel (12 pg total TEQ/g ww), as the study revealed PCDD/F TEQ levels of 0.2-7.9 pg TEQ/g ww and total TEQ values of 0.9 to 52 pg/g ww. TEQ levels in farmed and imported eel were lower and complied with the MRLs. Smoking eel, a popular tradition in the Netherlands, only had marginal effects on PCDD/F and DL-PCB concentrations. Owing to volatilization, concentrations of lowerchlorinated PCBs were reduced to below the limit of quantification after smoking. DL-PCBs contributed 61-97% to the total TEQ in all eel samples. This also holds for other fish and shellfish (except shrimps): DL-PCB contributed (on average) from 53 (herring) to 83% (tuna) to the total TEQ. Principal-component analysis revealed distinctive congener profiles for PCDD/Fs and non-ortho PCBs for mussels, pikeperch, herring and various Mediterranean fish. The application of new TCDD toxic equivalency factors (TEFs) set by the World Health Organization in 2006 (to replace the 1997 TEFs) resulted in lower TEQ values, mainly owing to a decreased mono-ortho PCB contribution. This decrease is most pronounced for eel, owing to the relative high monoortho PCB concentrations in eel. Consequently, a larger number of samples would comply with the MRLs when the new TEFs are applied. The DR CALUX® assay may be used for screening total TEQ levels in eel, in combination with gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry confirmation of suspected samples. An almost 1:1 correlation was found when the 1997 TEFs were applied, but, surprisingly, a 1.4-fold overestimation occurred with application of the 2006 TEFs.

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Section: Screening Samples Using the Dr Calux® Assaymentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Screening Samples Using the Dr Calux® Assaymentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Screening Samples Using the Dr Calux® Assaymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…5. To evaluate the suitability of the DR CALUX® bioassay [10] for screening eel samples in combination with gas chromatography-high resolution mass spectrometry (GC-HRMS). 6.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls in fish from the Netherlands: concentrations, profiles and comparison with DR CALUX® bioassay results

Leeuwen

Leonards

Traag³

et al. 2007

Anal Bioanal Chem

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“…Most of the PCDD/F analyses in the world have been performed with GC-HRMS. In those studies where the CALUX technique was used, the focus was more on method development, on the comparison with the GC-HRMS method and on the screening of food and feed (Hoogenboom et al, 2006;Van Overmeire, Van Loco, Roos, Carbonnelle, & Goeyens, 2004). In addition, very little data on dl-PCBs are available in literature.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

PCDD/F and Dioxin-Like PCB Determinations in Mtoni Estuarine Sediments (Tanzania) Using the Chemically Activated Luciferase Gene Expression (CALUX) Bioassay

Mihale

Croes

Tungaraza

et al. 2013

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Sediments from Mtoni estuary and 2 tributaries, Tanzania, were screened for polychlorinated-p-dibenzodioxins, -dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and dioxin-like PCBs (dl-PCBs) using the chemically activated luciferase gene expression (CALUX) bioassay approach. PCDD/Fs expressed as bio analytical equivalence (BEQ) values ranged from 5.7 ± 1.4 to 39.9 ± 5.8 pg BEQ/g sediment in the wet season and from 14.1 ± 2.0 to 32.8 ± 4.7 pg BEQ/g sediment in the dry season, with higher levels observed in Kizinga River and stations close to the mouth of that river. Dioxin-like PCB levels ranged from 0.21 ± 0.03 to 0.53 ± 0.03 pg BEQ/g sediment in the wet season and from 0.22 ± 0.03 to 0.59 ± 0.04 pg BEQ/g sediment in the dry season. Higher PCDD/F and dl-PCB levels in sediments are probably related to open burning of plastic scraps, household burning of wood or charcoal and traffic related emissions, all of which occur in the Dar es Salaam region. The denser population and the more intense industrial activities in the Kizinga River basin may explain the enhanced PCDD/F and dl-PCB levels observed in the sediments of that river compared to the levels in the Mzinga River basin. A third sampling campaign, including also stations in the downstream estuary, confirmed the enhanced levels in the Kizinga River (maximum of 400 pg-BEQ/g) and also showed that a clear decreasing concentration gradient in the downstream direction exists. It cannot be excluded that the levels of these pollutants in the sediments of the Mtoni estuary pose a threat to the local biological community.

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Analysis of PCBs in Food

Melis¹,

Zuccato²

2010

Analysis of Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Food

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The CALUX bioassay: Current status of its application to screening food and feed

Cited by 59 publications

References 33 publications

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls in fish from the Netherlands: concentrations, profiles and comparison with DR CALUX® bioassay results

Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and biphenyls in fish from the Netherlands: concentrations, profiles and comparison with DR CALUX® bioassay results

PCDD/F and Dioxin-Like PCB Determinations in Mtoni Estuarine Sediments (Tanzania) Using the Chemically Activated Luciferase Gene Expression (CALUX) Bioassay

Analysis of PCBs in Food

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