The caulobacters: ubiquitous unusual bacteria.

Abstract

Sum ary.167 ECOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS .167 Questions .168 Question 1: nutrient sensitivity .168 Question 2: reproductive rates .168 Question 3: metabolic regulation .168 Question 4: role(s) of the Caulobacter stalk .169 The Caulobacters' Contribution to Nature .170 LITERATURE CITED

Spatial and temporal distribution of Caulobacter spp. in two mesotrophic lakes

“…Another difference between Hall Lake and Lake Washington is that the former develops an anaerobic hypolimnion. Although caulobacters are known to be obligately aerobic bacteria [13], they were found in significant numbers in the anaerobic zone during summer stratification. Since the MPN cultures were incubated aerobically, it was not known whether these were a new, unknown, group of facultative anaerobic caulobacters.…”

“…because of their growth habit. Their prosthecae provide increased surface area for nutrient uptake and flotation [13][14][15][16], and their holdfasts enable them to attach to organic-laden detritus particles, dying or dead phytoplankton and zooplankton, or the surfaces of submerged aquatic vegetation [17]. Their motile swarmer stage permits ready dispersal from environments unfavorable for growth.…”

Production of emulcyan by Phormidium J-1: its activity and function

“…Many attached microorganisms have polymorphic life cycles which include a stage which is released into the water column, and after dispersion is transformed to the attached form. Such polymorphic life cycles are found in Caulobacter, Nevskia, Hyphomicrobium and the phototrophic Rhodomicrobium [5,12,13]. An interesting case has recently been described in the aquatic bacterium Seliberia stellata.…”

Modes of cytometric bacterial DNA pattern: a tool for pursuing growth

“…Cooper (1991) and Hemstetter et al (2003) used synchronized cultures produced by the membrane elution method. Others synchronized growth of microorganisms to a lesser extent by continuous phasing (Fritsch et al 2005), or use microorganisms where daughter and mother cells could easily be separated by their morphological characteristics and physiological behaviour, as in C. crescentus (Poindexter 1981;Marczynski & Shapiro 1995;Laub et al 2000;Ryan et al 2004;Jensen 2006). To date the only archeal genus species reported to be synchronized is Sulfolobus (Bernander 2000).…”