The Causes and Potential Injurious Effects of Elevated Serum Leptin Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Korczyńska, Justyna; Czumaj, Aleksandra; Chmielewski, Michael S.; Świerczyński, Julian; Śledziński, Tomasz

doi:10.3390/ijms22094685

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 90 publications

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“…Hyperleptinemia has direct and indirect negative effects on renal function [ 77 ]. Development of CVD, thickening of the basement membrane of the proximal tubular cells (which increase protein leakage into filtrate) and the activation of protein synthesis (which favors fibrosis and glomerulosclerosis), of NADPH oxidase (which increases reactive oxygen species production and, consequently, inflammation), of the sympathetic nervous system in the kidneys and of the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system (associated with sodium retention, predisposing it to high blood pressure) are some potential mechanisms proposed to explain the damaging effect of hyperleptinemia on renal function [ 78 ].…”

Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Adiponectin and Leptin Roles in Chronic Kidney Disease

et al. 2022

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Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is commonly associated with a high burden of comorbidities and poor clinical outcomes. Malnutrition–inflammation–atherosclerosis syndrome is common in the more severe stages of CKD, suggesting a close interplay for these three comorbid conditions. Both malnutrition and obesity are associated with a disturbed adipokine profile and inflammation, contributing to a higher risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. Adiponectin and leptin have important roles in carbohydrate and lipid metabolism, and in the inflammatory process. The effects of adiponectin and leptin alterations in CKD, which are usually increased, and their association with the different comorbidities found in CKD, will be focused on to understand their crosstalk with the risk of CVD events. Nonetheless, although adiponectin and leptin contribute to a higher risk of CVD events, further studies are warranted to fully clarify their roles, especially when different comorbidities exist.

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Section: Leptinmentioning

confidence: 99%

New Insights into Adiponectin and Leptin Roles in Chronic Kidney Disease

et al. 2022

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“…This was somewhat anticipated given the proclivity for poor renal clearance of blood leptin among CKD patients leading to the higher circulating leptin concentrations observed. 32 , 42 , 43 …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Serum leptin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertensive heart disease: An observational cross‐sectional study

Ofori

Adekena

Boima

et al. 2023

Health Science Reports

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Background and Aim Adipocytes secrete a peptide hormone called leptin, which plays a crucial role in controlling appetite and energy expenditure. Alterations in leptin concentrations are associated with CKD‐related cardiovascular problems such as hypertensive heart disease (HHD). Despite the link, data on the precise function of leptin in people with CKD and HHD is scant. Methods An observational cross‐sectional study involving a total of 108 participants (72 CKD patients with HHD and 36 healthy controls). Their demographic and anthropometric information was collected using a standardized questionnaire. Certain clinical measures such as blood pressure and body mass index (BMI) were assessed. Fasting blood samples were analyzed for levels of plasma glucose (FPG), lipids, creatinine, and leptin. Data were analyzed with SPSS v23. Results Leptin, FPG, creatinine and triglyceride levels were all significantly higher in CKD patients with HHD compared to controls ( p < 0.01 for all). Furthermore, advanced CKD status (being in stage 5), having a 6‐year diagnosis of HHD, being female, having a higher BMI, and elevation in levels of HDL and FPG contributed significantly to the variance in serum leptin levels in the case group ( β = 0.37, 0.22, 0.19, 0.18, 0.27, 0.28; p < 0.05 for all). In the control group, the female gender had the biggest unique effect on circulating leptin levels, followed by BMI and eGFR ( β = 0.71, 0.34, −0.22; p < 0.01 for all). Conclusion Patients with CKD who also had HHD reported considerably higher circulating leptin levels. Significantly higher blood leptin levels were shown to be associated with CKD stage 5 in the case group. These results are consistent with the role of leptin in the metabolic complexity seen in CKD patients. There needs to be more research into treatments that aim to lower leptin levels in CKD patients with HHD.

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“…This adipokine increases platelet aggregation and affects the concentration of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), which leads to angiogenesis. Vascular endothelial dysfunction contributes to the development of atherosclerosis, which is the basis of many cardiovascular diseases [ 60 , 77 ]. Furthermore, leptin promotes cardiac hypertrophy by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling [ 78 ].…”

Section: Adipokines and Their Influence On Pathogenesis Nutritional D...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pro-Inflammatory Profile of Adipokines in Obesity Contributes to Pathogenesis, Nutritional Disorders, and Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease

et al. 2022

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Obesity is a disease which leads to the development of many other disorders. Excessive accumulation of lipids in adipose tissue (AT) leads to metabolic changes, including hypertrophy of adipocytes, macrophage migration, changes in the composition of immune cells, and impaired secretion of adipokines. Adipokines are cytokines produced by AT and greatly influence human health. Obesity and the pro-inflammatory profile of adipokines lead to the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) through different mechanisms. In obesity and adipokine profile, there are gender differences that characterize the male gender as more susceptible to metabolic disorders accompanying obesity, including impaired renal function. The relationship between impaired adipokine secretion and renal disease is two-sided. In the developed CKD, the concentration of adipokines in the serum is additionally disturbed due to their insufficient excretion by the excretory system caused by renal pathology. Increased levels of adipokines affect the nutritional status and cardiovascular risk (CVR) of patients with CKD. This article aims to systematize the current knowledge on the influence of obesity, AT, and adipokine secretion disorders on the pathogenesis of CKD and their influence on nutritional status and CVR in patients with CKD.

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The Causes and Potential Injurious Effects of Elevated Serum Leptin Levels in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients

Cited by 21 publications

References 90 publications

New Insights into Adiponectin and Leptin Roles in Chronic Kidney Disease

New Insights into Adiponectin and Leptin Roles in Chronic Kidney Disease

Serum leptin levels in patients with chronic kidney disease and hypertensive heart disease: An observational cross‐sectional study

Pro-Inflammatory Profile of Adipokines in Obesity Contributes to Pathogenesis, Nutritional Disorders, and Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease

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