The challenging task to select <i>Salmonella</i> target serovars in poultry: the Italian point of view

Leati, Marta; Zaccherini, Alessandra; Ruocco, Luigi; D’Amato, Stefania; Busani, Luca; Villa, Laura; Barco, Lisa; Ricci, Antonia; Cibin, Veronica

doi:10.1017/s0950268821001230

Cited by 14 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 8 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…All these data confirm how control measures must be maintained constantly and cannot be reduced, in order to avoid the spread of the pathogen. Indeed, in‐depth evaluations of epidemiological situations at local level could provide suggestions for the appropriate allocation of resources, in order to achieve a lower number of positive flocks and ultimately a reduced number of human salmonellosis cases, with an undoubted benefit at EU level (Leati et al., 2021 ).…”

Section: Salmonellamentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union One Health 2020 Zoonoses Report

2021

EFS2

364

314

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This report of the EFSA and the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control presents the results of zoonoses monitoring activities carried out in 2020 in 27 EU Member States (MS) and nine non-MS. Key statistics on zoonoses and zoonotic agents in humans, food, animals and feed are provided and interpreted historically. Two events impacted 2020 MS data collection and related statistics: the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic and the withdrawal of the United Kingdom from the EU. In 2020, the first and second most reported zoonoses in humans were campylobacteriosis and salmonellosis, respectively. The EU trend for confirmed human cases of these two diseases was stable (flat) from 2016 to 2020. Fourteen of the 26 MS reporting data on Salmonella control programmes in poultry met the reduction targets for all poultry categories. Salmonella results for carcases of various species performed by competent authorities were more frequently positive than own-checks conducted by food business operators. This was also the case for Campylobacter quantification results from broiler carcases for the MS group that submitted data from both samplers, whereas overall at EU level, those percentages were comparable. Yersiniosis was the third most reported zoonosis in humans, with 10-fold less cases reported than salmonellosis, followed by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) and Listeria monocytogenes infections. Illnesses caused by L. monocytogenes and West Nile virus infections were the most severe zoonotic diseases with the highest case fatality. In 2020, 27 MS reported 3,086 foodborne outbreaks (a 47.0% decrease from 2019) and 20,017 human cases (a 61.3% decrease). Salmonella remained the most frequently reported causative agent for foodborne outbreaks. Salmonella in 'eggs and egg products', norovirus in 'crustaceans, shellfish, molluscs and products containing them' and L. monocytogenes in 'fish and fish products' were the agent/food pairs of most concern. This report also provides updates on tuberculosis due to Mycobacterium bovis or Mycobacterium caprae, Brucella, Trichinella, Echinococcus, Toxoplasma, rabies, Coxiella burnetii (Q fever) and tularaemia.

show abstract

Section: Salmonellamentioning

confidence: 99%

The European Union One Health 2020 Zoonoses Report

2021

EFS2

364

314

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In 2020, the top five Salmonella serovars involved in human infections in Europe were S. Enteritidis, S. Typhimurium, monophasic S. Typhimurium (1,4,[5],12:i:-), S. Infantis, and S. Derby [EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), 2021]. In Italy however, S. Napoli ranks among the top serovars causing human infections even though it is relatively uncommon in other European countries (Leati et al, 2021).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In Europe, Salmonellosis was the second most reported zoonosis in 2020 with 52,702 cases of illness and was an important cause of foodborne outbreaks mainly associated with the consumption of eggs and eggs products, bakery products and pig meat and products thereof [ EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), 2021 ]. In Italy, with more than 3,000 human cases reported per year [ EFSA and ECDC (European Food Safety Authority and European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control), 2021 ], Salmonellosis is the most common foodborne infection ( Leati et al, 2021 ). The genus Salmonella includes two species, Salmonella ( S. ) bongori and S. enterica , and six subspecies: enterica I, salamae II, arizonae IIIa, diarizonae IIIb, houtenae IV, and indica VI.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Peruzy

Proroga²,

Capuano³

et al. 2022

Front. Microbiol.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salmonella is one of the most common agents of foodborne illness. The genus Salmonella includes two species (Salmonella bongori and S. enterica) and six subspecies (enterica I, salamae II, arizonae IIIa, diarizonae IIIb, houtenae IV, and indica VI), each of which contains multiple serotypes associated with animal and human infections. The aim of the study was to evaluate the presence of Salmonella spp. in carcasses of food-producing animals and foods in southern Italy and the serovar distribution among different sources. From 2011 to 2021, a total of 12,246 foods and 982 samples from animal carcasses were collected and analyzed. The overall percentage of positive samples was 5.84% (N = 773) and a significant increase in prevalence was observed by comparing the years 2011–2015 (257, 3.27%) and 2016–2021 (516, 9.61%; p < 0.05). The highest percentage of positive food samples was observed in “Meat and Meat Products” (N = 327/2,438, 13.41%) followed by “Fish and fishery products” (N = 115/1,915, 6.01%). In carcasses, the highest percentage of positive samples was reported from broilers (N = 42/81, 51.85%) followed by buffalo (N = 50/101, 49.50%) and pork (N = 140/380, 36.84%). After typing, the isolates were assigned to the species S. enterica and to the subspecies: enterica (N = 760, 98.32%), diarizonae (N = 8, 1.03%), salamae (N = 3, 0.39%) and houtenae (N = 2, 0.26%). S. Infantis was the most frequently detected (N = 177, 24.76%), followed by S. Derby (N = 77, 10.77%), monophasic S. Typhimurium (N = 63, 8.81%), S. Typhimurium (N = 54, 7.55%), and S. Rissen (N = 47, 6.57%). By comparing the sampling period 2011–2015 with that of 2016–2021, an increase in the prevalence of S. Infantis and monophasic S. Typhimurium and a decrease of S. Typhimurium were recorded (p < 0.05). Thus, present data suggest that, despite the implementation of national and European control strategies to protect against Salmonella, the prevalence of this pathogen in southern Italy is still increasing and a change of national control programs to protect against Salmonella are necessary.

show abstract

“…Hadar in 2019 in the EU ( ECDC, n.d. ). Based on epidemiological evidences collected in Italy, Leati et al (2021) suggested that other serotypes, such as Salmonella Derby and Salmonella Napoli, should be considered for control at primary production level, due to their frequent isolation in human infections. In addition, it has increasingly been reported that specific clones of different serotypes, rather than the serotype as such, are responsible for emergent spread in both humans and the food chain ( Coipan et al, 2020 ; García-Soto et al, 2020 ; Mastrorilli et al, 2020 ; EFSA and ECDC, 2021b ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of pH and Salinity on the Ability of Salmonella Serotypes to Form Biofilm

et al. 2022

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Salmonella is a major cause of food-borne infections in Europe, and the majority of human infections are caused by only a few serotypes, among them are Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serotype Enteritidis (hereafter Salmonella Enteritidis), Salmonella Typhimurium, and the monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium. The reason for this is not fully understood, but could include virulence factors as well as increased ability to transfer via the external environment. Formation of biofilm is considered an adaptation strategy used by bacteria to overcome environmental stresses. In order to assess the capability of different Salmonella serotypes to produce biofilm and establish whether this is affected by pH and salinity, 88 Salmonella isolates collected from animal, food, and human sources and belonging to 15 serotypes, including those most frequently responsible for human infections, were tested. Strains were grown in tryptic soy broth (TSB), TSB with 4% NaCl pH 4.5, TSB with 10% NaCl pH 4.5, TSB with 4% NaCl pH 7, or TSB with 10% NaCl pH 7, and biofilm production was assessed after 24 h at 37°C using crystal violet staining. A linear mixed effect model was applied to compare results from the different experimental conditions. Among the tested serotypes, S. Dublin showed the greatest ability to form biofilm even at pH 4.5, which inhibited biofilm production in the other tested serotypes. Salmonella Senftenberg and the monophasic variant of S. Typhimurium showed the highest biofilm production in TSB with 10% NaCl pH 7. In general, pH had a high influence on the ability to form biofilm, and most of the tested strains were not able to produce biofilm at pH 4.5. In contrast, salinity only had a limited influence on biofilm production. In general, serotypes causing the highest number of human infections showed a limited ability to produce biofilm in the tested conditions, indicating that biofilm formation is not a crucial factor in the success of these clones.

show abstract

The challenging task to select Salmonella target serovars in poultry: the Italian point of view

Abstract: According to the EFSA and ECDC annual report, human salmonellosis is mostly related to consumption of contaminated poultry products. Since 2003 in Europe, the Salmonella serovars considered relevant for human health and subject to control in breeding hens of Gallus gallus are: S.

Cited by 14 publications

References 8 publications

The European Union One Health 2020 Zoonoses Report

The European Union One Health 2020 Zoonoses Report

Occurrence and distribution of Salmonella serovars in carcasses and foods in southern Italy: Eleven-year monitoring (2011–2021)

Effect of pH and Salinity on the Ability of Salmonella Serotypes to Form Biofilm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About