The Characteristics and the Function of a Thick Slag Layer in the Smelting Reduction Process.

Katayama, Hiroyuki; Ibaraki, Tetsuharu; Ohno, Takamasa; Yamauchi, Masao; Hirata, Hiroshi; Inomoto, Takeo

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.33.124

Cited by 8 publications

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“…The literature 3,9,10) presents more data confirming that the slag was molten during the reduction process.…”

Section: Experiments Using Orementioning

confidence: 82%

“…However, few studies have examined this mechanism for manganese oxide reduction in a possible process of Ironmanganese production by smelting reduction. 2) This process has the great advantage of the possible use of 100% fine ore particles [2][3][4] which cannot be done in the conventional electric furnace process. Fine ore particles or a reducing agent would produce a decrease in charge permeability, as well as a reduction in conductivity, causing an electrode operation down close to the charge.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Influence of Temperature, Basiscity and Particle Size on MnO Reduction

Oliveira¹,

Vieira²,

Espinosa³

et al. 2011

Mater. Trans.

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The aim of this work is to study MnO reduction by solid carbon. The influence of size of carbon particles, slag basicity, and bath temperature on MnO reduction was investigated. Fine Manganese ore particles were used as a source of MnO. Three sizes of carbon particles were used; 0.230 mm, 0.162 mm and 0.057 mm, binary basicity of 1 and 1.5 and temperatures of 1550, 1550 and 1600 C. Curves were drawn for Mn content in the bath as a function of time and temperature for the several studied parameters. The MnO reduction rates were determined using these data.

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“…The literature 3,9,10) presents more data confirming that the slag was molten during the reduction process.…”

Section: Experiments Using Orementioning

confidence: 82%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Temperature, Basiscity and Particle Size on MnO Reduction

Oliveira¹,

Vieira²,

Espinosa³

et al. 2011

Mater. Trans.

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“…The conclusions of the dynamic model for interfacial reaction between the slag and the metal show that the rate and the efficiency of the interfacial reducing reaction of chromium ore can be improved by increasing the mass ratio of the slag and metal (e.g., the operation of great slag quantity and thick slag blanket), 22) the interfacial area between the slag and the metal (e.g., the reinforcement of the molten bath stirring), the mass transfer coefficient of chromium oxide in the slag (e.g., the adjustment of the slag viscosity) and so on.…”

Section: Effect Of Particle Size Of Chromium Ore Onmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mathematical Modeling of Refining of Stainless Steel in Smelting Reduction Converter Using Chromium Ore

et al. 2012

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For predicting and controlling the process of chromium ore smelting reduction in a converter preferably, the coupling dynamic model is established for the first time based on the kinetic models of chromium ore dissolution and interfacial reducing reaction between the slag and the metal. It can decrease the refining time considerably and improve the production efficiency for producing 12 wt% Cr stainless steel crude melts in a converter when the initial hot metal contains the definite chrome metal at 1 560°C. Under the conditions of the mathematical model, the effect of chromium ore size on the process of producing stainless steel crude melts by chromium ore smelting reduction in a converter is great when the particle size of chromium ore increases to a certain value. In such condition, the dissolution of chromium ore in the slag is the rate controlling step at a certain stage of refining and the rate of chromium ore smelting reduction is controlled jointly by the dissolution and the reduction of chromium ore. The effect of temperature on the process of chromium ore smelting reduction in a converter is significant. The mean reduction rate of chromium ore increases from 0.052 wt%·min -1 to 0.175 wt%·min -1 with the increasing of temperature from 1 540°C to 1 580°C.

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“…(MnO) + C = Mn + CO (g) Katayama et al [9,10], estudaram a redução de sínter de minério de manganês em forno de indução com capacidade de 100 e 1000 kg. Os autores realizaram também experiências para estudar a redução do MnO em escória, por uma liga de Fe-Mn saturada em carbono, através da observação da evolução de CO por meio de raios-X.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Estudo Cinético Da Redução De Finos De Minério De Manganês Pelo Carbono Sólido

Oliveira¹,

Nascimento²,

Vieira³

et al. 2010

Engevista

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Resumo: Neste trabalho, o MnO 2 contido em finos de minério de manganês é reduzido somente pelo carbono grafite sólido presente em uma escória formada pela adição destes finos em um banho Fe-C-Mn. Para isto, foi elaborado uma mistura com finos de grafite e finos de minério, e esta mistura foi carregada em um banho de Fe-C-Mn com 60% Mn, o que garantiu não ocorresse a redução pelo carbono dissolvido. Os ensaios foram realizados nas temperaturas de 1600°C, 1550°C e 1500°C e foram usados três tamanhos de partículas de grafite a saber: 0,057 mm, 0,162 mm e 0,230 mm. Foi constatado que todo FeO foi reduzido a ferro metálico, e que todo MnO 2 foi reduzido a MnO antes de cinco minutos de reação. Em cada caso foi determinada a velocidade da reação de redução do MnO, sendo que as velocidades iniciais encontradas respectivamente foram de 8,74x10-2 mol/min, 6,30x10 -2 mol/min e 5,53x10 -2 mol/min. Estes resultados levam a concluir que a velocidade de redução do MnO é inversamente proporcional ao tamanho das partículas de grafite. Foi também determinada a energia de ativação aparente da reação e o valor encontrado foi de 311,3 kJ/mol, que confirma que o controle da reação é feito através da reação de Boudouard (CO 2(g) + C (s) = 2CO (g) ) Palavras chaves: cinética de redução, minério de manganês, carbono sólido Abstract: In this study, the MnO 2 contained in manganese ores fines is reduced only by solid carbon graphite present in a slag formed by addition of these fines in a Fe-C-Mn bath. In order to this, it was elaborated a mixture of fines of graphite and ore, fines and this mixture was loaded in a 60% Mn Fe-C-Mn bath, which guaranteed that the reduction by dissolved carbon did not happen. The experiments were performed in a temperature of 1600°C, 1550°C and 1500°C and three sizes graphite particles were employed: 0.057 mm; 0.162 mm and 0.230 mm. It was observed that all FeO was reduced to metallic iron, and that all MnO 2 was reduced to MnO before five minutes of reaction. In each case, it was determined the speed reaction of MnO reduction and the initial rate found were of 8,74x10-2 mol/min, 6,30x10 -2 mol/min and 5,53x10 -2 mol/min, respectively, which permit conclude that the rate of the MnO reduction is inversely proportional to the size of the graphite particles. Also, the apparent activation energy of the reaction was determined, and it corresponded to 311,3 kJ/mol, which confirms the control of the reaction is done by Boudouard reaction (CO 2(g) + C (s) = 2CO (g) )

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The Characteristics and the Function of a Thick Slag Layer in the Smelting Reduction Process.

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Influence of Temperature, Basiscity and Particle Size on MnO Reduction

Influence of Temperature, Basiscity and Particle Size on MnO Reduction

Mathematical Modeling of Refining of Stainless Steel in Smelting Reduction Converter Using Chromium Ore

Estudo Cinético Da Redução De Finos De Minério De Manganês Pelo Carbono Sólido

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