The Cloud Ice Mountain Experiment (CIME) 1998: experiment overview and modelling of the microphysical processes during the seeding by isentropic gas expansion

Wobrock, W.; Flossmann, Andrea I.; Monier, Marie; Pichon, Maxime; Cortez, Laurent; Fournol, Jean-François; Schwarzenböck, Alfons; Mertes, Stephan; Heintzenberg, Jost; Laj, Paolo; Orsi, G.; Ricci, Loretta; Fuzzi, S.; Brink, H.M. ten; Jongejan, P. A. C.; Otjes, R.P.

doi:10.1016/s0169-8095(01)00094-1

Cited by 28 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…A detailed description of the sampling site can be found in a number of previous studies (Wobrock et al 2001;Venzac et al 2009). The station is located in a natural background area, restricted during winter, authorized to cars during the spring and autumn periods, and only to organized buses during the summer period.…”

Section: Sampling Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of water-soluble inorganic components in aerosol size-segregated at the puy de Dôme station (1,465 m a.s.l.), France

et al. 2012

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The size-segregated chemical composition of aerosol particles was investigated during 1 year at the puy de Dôme (1,465 ma.s.l.), France. These measurements aimed to a better understanding of the influence of the air mass origin on the size-segregated chemical composition of the aerosol at an altitude site. Mountain site measurements are important because they are representative of long range transport and useful for model validation. PM 1 mass concentration exhibits a seasonal variability with a summer maximum. The composition of PM 1 did not change significantly in terms of relative contribution of water soluble inorganic ions but is rather variable in term of total mass concentrations. For the PM 10-1 , a different seasonal behaviour was found with maxima concentrations in autumn-winter. Aerosols were classified into four different categories according to their air mass origin: marine, marine modified, continental and Mediterranean. The PM 10 aerosol mass at 50 % relative humidity was close to 2.5 μg m −3 in the marine, 4.3 μg m −3 in the marine modified, 10.3 μg m −3 in the continental and 7.7 μg m −3 in the Mediterranean sectors. We noted that the influence of the air mass origin (on the chemical properties) could be seen especially on the PM 10-1 . A significant PM 10-1 mode was found in marine, modified marine, and J Atmos Chem (2012) 69:47-66 Mediterranean air masses, and PM 1 dominated in the continental air masses samples. As a result, the aerosol chemical composition variability at the puy de Dôme is a function of both the season and air mass type and we provide a chemical composition of the aerosol as a function of each of these environmental factors.

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Section: Sampling Site and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seasonal variation of water-soluble inorganic components in aerosol size-segregated at the puy de Dôme station (1,465 m a.s.l.), France

et al. 2012

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“…The peak is more than a few hundred meters above the tree-line. The station is equipped with extensive facilities to measure aerosol cloud interactions (Sellegri et al, 2003), as well as physical, chemical and biological processes in clouds (Amato et al, 2007;Marinoni et al, 2004;Wobrock et al, 2001), both continuously and comprehensively. The site is at an intermediate altitude and the variability of the atmospheric composition is explained by a regular transition from free tropospheric/residual layer to boundary layer conditions.…”

Section: Puy De Domementioning

confidence: 99%

EUCAARI ion spectrometer measurements at 12 European sites – analysis of new particle formation events

et al. 2010

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Abstract. We present comprehensive results on continuous atmospheric cluster and particle measurements in the size range ∼1-42 nm within the European Integrated project on Aerosol Cloud Climate and Air Quality interactions (EU-CAARI) project. We focused on characterizing the spatial and temporal variation of new particle formation events and Correspondence to: H. E. Manninen (hanna.manninen@helsinki.fi) relevant particle formation parameters across Europe. Different types of air ion and cluster mobility spectrometers were deployed at 12 field sites across Europe from March 2008 to May 2009. The measurements were conducted in a wide variety of environments, including coastal and continental locations as well as sites at different altitudes (both in the boundary layer and the free troposphere). New particle formation events were detected at all of the 12 field sites during the year-long measurement period. From the data, Published by Copernicus Publications on behalf of the European Geosciences Union. 7908H. E. Manninen et al.: EUCAARI ion spectrometer measurements nucleation and growth rates of newly formed particles were determined for each environment. In a case of parallel ion and neutral cluster measurements, we could also estimate the relative contribution of ion-induced and neutral nucleation to the total particle formation. The formation rates of charged particles at 2 nm accounted for 1-30% of the corresponding total particle formation rates. As a significant new result, we found out that the total particle formation rate varied much more between the different sites than the formation rate of charged particles. This work presents, so far, the most comprehensive effort to experimentally characterize nucleation and growth of atmospheric molecular clusters and nanoparticles at ground-based observation sites on a continental scale.

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“…Thus, we can reject the hypothesis of the airflow heterogeneity as the cause of the differences between the microphysical measurement data. For additional information about the site description, see Bain and Gayet (1983) and Wobrock et al (2001). During the campaign, a Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe SPP-100 model and two Cloud Droplet Probes (CDP1 and CDP2) were installed in the sampling section of the wind tunnel (see Fig.…”

Section: G Guyot Et Al: Cloud-microphysical Sensors Intercomparisonmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative evaluation of seven optical sensors for cloud microphysical measurements at the Puy-de-Dôme Observatory, France

et al. 2015

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Abstract.Clouds have an important role in Earth's radiative budget. Since the late 1970s, considerable instrumental developments have been made in order to quantify cloud microphysical and optical properties, for both airborne and groundbased applications. Intercomparison studies have been carried out in the past to assess the reliability of cloud microphysical properties inferred from various measurement techniques. However, observational uncertainties still exist, especially for droplet size distribution measurements and need to be reduced.In this work, we discuss results from an intercomparison campaign, performed at the Puy de Dôme in May 2013. During this campaign, a unique set of cloud instruments was operating simultaneously in ambient air conditions and in a wind tunnel. A Particle Volume Monitor (PVM-100), a Forward Scattering Spectrometer Probe (FSSP), a Fog Monitor (FM-100), and a Present Weather Detector (PWD) were sampling on the roof of the station. Within a wind tunnel located underneath the roof, two Cloud Droplet Probes (CDPs) and a modified FSSP (SPP-100) were operating. The main objectives of this paper are (1) to study the effects of wind direction and speed on ground-based cloud observations, (2) to quantify the cloud parameters discrepancies observed by the different instruments, and (3) to develop methods to improve the quantification of the measurements.The results revealed that all instruments showed a good agreement in their sizing abilities, both in terms of amplitude and variability. However, some of them, especially the FM-100, the FSSP and the SPP, displayed large discrepancies in their capability to assess the magnitude of the total number concentration of the cloud droplets. As a result, the total liquid water content can differ by up to a factor of 5 between the probes. The use of a standardization procedure, based on data of integrating probes (PVM-100 or visibilimeter) and extinction coefficient comparison substantially enhanced the instrumental agreement. During this experiment, the total concentration agreed in variations with the visibilimeter, except for the FSSP, so a corrective factor can be applied and it ranges from 0.44 to 2.2. This intercomparison study highlights the necessity to have an instrument which provides a bulk measurement of cloud microphysical or optical properties during cloud ground-based campaigns. Moreover, the FM and FSSP orientation was modified with an angle ranging from 30 to 90 • angle with wind speeds from 3 to 7 m s −1 . The results show that the induced number concentration loss is between 29 and 98 % for the FSSP and between 15 and 68 % for the FM-100. In particular, FSSP experiments showed strong discrepancies when the wind speed was lower than 3 m s −1 and/or when the angle between the wind direction and the orientation of the instruments is greater than 30• . An inadequate orientation of the FSSP towards the wind direction leads to an underestimation of the measured effective diameter.

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The Cloud Ice Mountain Experiment (CIME) 1998: experiment overview and modelling of the microphysical processes during the seeding by isentropic gas expansion

Cited by 28 publications

References 11 publications

Seasonal variation of water-soluble inorganic components in aerosol size-segregated at the puy de Dôme station (1,465 m a.s.l.), France

Seasonal variation of water-soluble inorganic components in aerosol size-segregated at the puy de Dôme station (1,465 m a.s.l.), France

EUCAARI ion spectrometer measurements at 12 European sites – analysis of new particle formation events

Quantitative evaluation of seven optical sensors for cloud microphysical measurements at the Puy-de-Dôme Observatory, France

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