The coastal red-milkwood ( Mimusops caffra ) seed: Proximate, mineral, amino acid and fatty acid composition

Abstract

Mimusops caffra is an indigenous fruit-bearing tree in the coastal dune forests on the eastern coastline of South Africa. The tree is endangered by communities who use it for fuel-wood and construction timber. In an effort to promote sustainable utilisation of M. caffra, we evaluated the potential of its seed as a source of nutrients and cottage industry raw materials by determining the seed's proximate, mineral, fibre and amino acid composition and the seed oil's fatty acid profile. The seed had a gross energy content of 25.07 ± 0.23 MJ kg −1 and contained 10.02% crude protein, 26.19% ether extract, 4.73% ash and 84.90% organic matter on DM basis. The neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre content were 27.15% and 9.65%, respectively. Calcium (2.33%) and aluminium (285.55 mg kg −1 ) were the most abundant macro-and micro-minerals, respectively. Tryptophan (0.10 g 100 g −1 ) was the least concentrated essential amino acid. The seed oil contained 37.08% saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 48.10% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and 14.34% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Palmitic acid (18.58%) and stearic acid (10.70%) were the major SFAs. Oleic acid (46.37%) and linoleic acid (13.97%) constituted the dominant MUFA and PUFA, respectively. Seeds of M. caffra are high in calcium and energy. At community level M. caffra seed's potential as a dietary ingredient for foods and feeds and the seed oil's potential as a dietary supplement needs to be investigated. Due to its high oleic acid content the seed oil's potential as a raw material for community-based cottage industries that specialise in indigenous beauty products needs to be explored.

Nutritional and technological potential of Umbu (Spondias tuberosa Arr. Cam.) processing by-product flour

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Chemical and Nutritional Composition of Terminalia ferdinandiana (Kakadu Plum) Kernels: A Novel Nutrition Source

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Commercialization Potential of Six Selected Medicinal Plants Commonly Used for Childhood Diseases in South Africa: A Review

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