The Coin in Hand–Extended Version: Development and Validation of a Multicultural Performance Validity Test

Daugherty, Julia C.; Querido, Luís; Molinares, Nathalia Quiroz; Wang, Diana; Hidalgo‐Ruzzante, Natalia; Fernandes, Sandra; Pérez-Garcı́a, Miguel; Aragón, Carlos De Los Reyes; Pires, Rute; Valera, Eve M.

doi:10.1177/1073191119864652

Cited by 11 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(94 reference statements)

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“…A similar call to action was made at the Sixth European Conference on Symptom Validity Assessment in 2019, stressing that the cross-cultural validity of current performance validity tests is probably limited ( Merten, 2019 ). Panelists from two countries in this study were working on, or had previously worked on, cross-cultural validation studies of performance validity tests ( Daugherty et al., 2019 ). However, no true experts seem to exist in the EU that specialize specifically in the topic of performance validity testing in minority ethnic populations in Europe—research on this topic currently seems to be dominated by work from other regions ( Nijdam-Jones, Rivera, Rosenfeld, & Arango-Lasprilla, 2017 , 2019 ; Nijdam-Jones & Rosenfeld, 2017 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment in the European Union: a Delphi expert study

Franzen

Papma

Berg

et al. 2020

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology

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Objective The increasing ethnic diversity in the European Union (EU) calls for adaptations to neuropsychological assessment practices. The aims of this study were to examine the current state of cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment in EU-15 countries and to provide recommendations for researchers and policy makers. Method Twelve experts from nine EU-15 countries participated in a Delphi consensus study involving two sequential rounds of web-based questionnaires and an in-person consensus meeting. The experts individually rated Delphi topics on the basis of importance (scale 1–10). The degree of consensus was determined by assessing first and third quartiles (Q1 and Q3) and medians. Results Consensus outcomes showed the following priorities: (a) the development of tests (median importance rating 10, Q1-Q3: 9–10), (b) the collection of normative data (median importance rating 9, Q1-Q3: 8–10), and (c) more training, awareness, and knowledge regarding cross-cultural assessment among neuropsychologists in the EU (median importance rating 9, Q1-Q3: 8–10). Whereas memory tests were often available, tests measuring social cognition (median 9, Q1-Q3: 8–10) and language (median 9, Q1-Q3: 7–10) are particularly lacking. Recommendations were made regarding essential skills and knowledge necessary for cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment. Conclusions This study in a small group of experts suggests that the development and availability of cross-cultural tests and normative data should be prioritized, as well as the development and implementation of training initiatives. Furthermore, EU guidelines could be established for working with interpreters during neuropsychological assessment. Before implementing these recommendations, follow-up studies are recommended that include more minority neuropsychologists and community stakeholders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment in the European Union: a Delphi expert study

Franzen

Papma

Berg

et al. 2020

Archives of Clinical Neuropsychology

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“…This test was selected as it is a commonly used PVT and has been validated for older Portuguese adults ( Simões et al, 2010 ). Further, convergent validity for the Rey-15IMT has been assessed with other PVTs in Portugal, such as the CIH-EV ( Daugherty et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Feedback is provided for each response. In response to research suggesting that PVT accuracy improves when multiple levels of perceived difficulty are included (e.g., Bickart et al, 1991 ; Chiu and Lee, 2002 ), a new and computerized version of the CIH was developed to include three levels of difficulty (CIH-EV; Daugherty et al, 2019 ). Each of the three levels of difficulty in the CIH-EV includes 10 trials (30 trials total) in which the coin is randomly presented five times in the left hand and five times in the right hand.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Before beginning the first trial, participants are cautioned about the different levels of difficulty as the test progresses. The Portuguese cut-offs for the three levels were the same (≤8) for cognitively normal older adults ( Ferreira et al, 2022 ) and young adults ( Daugherty et al, 2019 ). The suggested cut-off point for the total number of hits was ≤26 for cognitively normal older adults ( Ferreira et al, 2022 ) and ≤27 for young adults ( Daugherty et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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To adjust or not to adjust: Cut-off scores in performance validity testing in Portuguese older adults with dementia

Fernandes

Ferreira²,

Querido³

et al. 2022

Front. Psychol.

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The rising demographic of older adults worldwide has led to an increase in dementia cases. In order to ensure the proper allocation of care and resources to this clinical group, it is necessary to correctly distinguish between simulated versus bona-fide cognitive deficits typical of dementia. Performance Validity Tests (PVTs) are specifically designed to assess a lack of effort and the possible simulation of cognitive impairment. Previous research demonstrates that PVTs may be sensitive to dementia, thus inaccurately classifying real memory impairment as simulation. Here, we analyzed the sensitivity of PVTs in discriminating between dementia and simulation using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses. Further, we examined the potential need for adjusting cut-off scores for three stand-alone (Test of Memory Malingering, Rey-15 Item Memory Test, and Coin in Hand-Extended Version) and one embedded (Reliable Digit Span) PVT for Portuguese older adults with dementia. The results showed that (1) all measures, except for the Coin in Hand— Extended version (CIH-EV), were sensitive to one or more sociodemographic and/or cognitive variables, and (2) it was necessary to adjust cut-off points for all measures. Additionally, the Rey-15 Item Memory Test did not demonstrate sufficient discriminating capacity for dementia. These results present important implications for clinical practice and the daily life of patients, as the use of incorrect cut-off points could impede patients from getting the resources they need.

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“…Specific malingering scales for forensic assessment of posttraumatic stress disorder were developed in Spain, such as the Trauma Impact Questionnaire (CIT; Crespo et al, 2020) and the Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptom Severity Scale: Forensic version (EGS-F; Echeburúa et al, 2017). Performance validity tests have also been created in the field of neuropsychology, like the extended version of the Coin-inthe-Hand Test, developed in Spain and later validated at a multicultural level (Daugherty et al, 2021).…”

Section: Spainmentioning

confidence: 99%

Symptom and Performance Validity Assessment in European Countries: an Update

Merten

Dandachi-FitzGerald

Hall³

et al. 2021

Psychol. Inj. and Law

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In 2013, a special issue of the Spanish journal Clínica y Salud published a review on symptom and performance validity assessment in European countries (Merten et al. in Clínica y Salud, 24(3), 129-138, 2013). At that time, developments were judged to be in their infancy in many countries, with major publication activities stemming from only four countries: Spain, The Netherlands, Great Britain, and Germany. As an introduction to a special issue of Psychological Injury and Law, this is an updated report of developments during the last 10 years. In that period of time, research activities have reached a level where it is difficult to follow all developments; some validity measures were newly developed, others were adapted for European languages, and validity assessment has found a much stronger place in real-world evaluation contexts. Next to an update from the four nations mentioned above, reports are now given from Austria, Italy, and Switzerland, too.

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The Coin in Hand–Extended Version: Development and Validation of a Multicultural Performance Validity Test

Cited by 11 publications

References 55 publications

Cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment in the European Union: a Delphi expert study

Cross-cultural neuropsychological assessment in the European Union: a Delphi expert study

To adjust or not to adjust: Cut-off scores in performance validity testing in Portuguese older adults with dementia

Symptom and Performance Validity Assessment in European Countries: an Update

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