The colloidal properties of alkaline‐soluble waterborne polymers

Scheerder, Jürgen; Dollekens, Remy; Langermans, Harm

doi:10.1002/app.46168

Cited by 10 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…It is still likely that a mixture of low aggregation number aggregates and SCNPs exists in these dispersions. RND appears to behave as an SCNP based on the number-average diameter, but considering the volume and intensity average diameters suggests that there are large aggregates present as previously reported for alkali-soluble resins . Because RND is a low-molecular-weight alkali-soluble resin ( M n = 2300 g/mol, Đ = 3), it would be expected that some chains are solubilized in alkaline conditions and therefore exist as unimers, yielding particle sizes <5 nm.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

“…RND appears to behave as an SCNP based on the number-average diameter, but considering the volume and intensity average diameters suggests that there are large aggregates present as previously reported for alkali-soluble resins. 50 Because RND is a lowmolecular-weight alkali-soluble resin (M n = 2300 g/mol, Đ = 3), it would be expected that some chains are solubilized in alkaline conditions and therefore exist as unimers, yielding particle sizes <5 nm. This is clearly reported in the numberaverage diameter (1.3 nm) and two of the three peaks by volume (3.8 nm [42.1%] and 1.6 nm [17.6%]).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Amphiphilic Block-Random Copolymers: Self-Folding Behavior and Stabilizers in Emulsion Polymerization

et al. 2019

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Polystyrene-b-[polystyrene-r-poly(acrylic acid)] block-random copolymers have been synthesized at various molecular weights (7000−23 200 g/mol) and with compositions between 6 and 39 mol % acrylic acid by nitroxide-mediated polymerization. Emulsion polymerizations of styrene stabilized by block-random copolymers yielded stable latexes at stabilizer concentrations ≥3 wt % based on monomer. A series of emulsion polymerizations with varying stabilizer content suggests that a novel nucleation mechanism occurs in block-random copolymer-stabilized emulsion polymerizations, exhibiting distinctly different behaviors from block copolymers or conventional small-molecule surfactants. Moreover, alkaline aqueous dispersions of the block-random copolymers were prepared with ease up to concentrations of 300 g/L, whereas similar block copolymers are limited to ∼1 g/L. Analysis of the dispersions via dynamic light scattering and atomic force microscopy suggests that single-chain nanoparticles form via a self-folding process with hydrodynamic diameters between 2.4 and 5 nm. The novel stabilizer structures may be tuned for rapid dispersion through their anchoring block [polystyrene] and high stabilization efficiency through the stabilizing block [polystyrene-r-poly(acrylic acid)].

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 72%

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Amphiphilic Block-Random Copolymers: Self-Folding Behavior and Stabilizers in Emulsion Polymerization

et al. 2019

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“…The colloidal properties of the final dispersion were corresponding with reference literature for similar ASR-stabilized emulsion systems previously reported. [18,28,39,41] The produced dispersion had an average particle diameter of 110 nm as measured by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and a dry solid content of 42%, estimated by gravimetry. The final pH was at an alkaline value of 8.2, at which the carboxylic acid groups in the ASR are deprotonated.…”

Section: Synthesis and Characterization Of The Dispersionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water Barrier Properties of Resin‐Stabilized Waterborne Coatings for Paperboard

Bakker

Aarts

Esteves

et al. 2022

Macro Materials & Eng

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The replacement of plastic packaging by paperboard can significantly contribute to meeting sustainability goals in important application fields, such as in food packaging. The (water) barrier properties of paperboard‐based products need, however, to be improved. Waterborne coatings offer an environmentally friendly possibility to enhance these barrier properties, which in turn highly depend on the coating chemistry and film formation. Here, the relation between the characteristics of a waterborne coating and its water barrier performance is investigated. A waterborne polymer dispersion is prepared by emulsion polymerization, using an alkali‐soluble resin (ASR) as stabilizing agent. The ASR‐stabilized dispersion is applied as a coating on paperboard. During this application, the carboxylate groups of the ASR are converted to uncharged carboxylic acids. The coatings are characterized by Fourier‐transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the water barrier properties are evaluated by dynamic vapor sorption (DVS) and the Cobb method. It is found that the water barrier performance is dominated by the carboxylate concentration remaining in the film, which is dependent on the moisture content. High drying temperatures improve particle deformation and polymer flow during coating formation, but do not influence the water barrier performance.

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“…These properties are in agreement with reported characteristics of similar resin-stabilized dispersions prepared under comparable conditions. 38 − 41 …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optical Patterning in Photoresponsive Azobenzene-Based Waterborne Coatings

Bakker

Korver

Fransen

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Opt. Mater.

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Reversible photoresponsive waterborne dispersions can be directly applied in the paint and printing industry and have several potential applications such as in rewritable optical patterns, security labeling, and sensing. However, the synthesis of such dispersions and application as waterborne coatings has rarely been reported. In this work, photoresponsive polymer dispersions containing light-responsive azobenzene were prepared by resin-stabilized emulsion polymerization. The aqueous dispersions consist of core/shell type polymer particles, where the resin forms the shell around the polymer core. The photoresponsive azobenzene was incorporated into the resin shell (azo-in-shell) or polymer core (azo-in-core). Waterborne coatings were easily prepared by applying the dispersions on glass or paperboard. The photoresponsive behavior of the azobenzene in the dispersions and coatings shows fast and reversible isomerization and a similar half-life of the cis-azobenzene regardless of its surrounding matrix in the coating, dispersion, or solution. Optical patterns were reversibly imprinted in the coatings on paperboard, which remain visible for several hours at room temperature and several weeks when stored in the freezer. The water barrier properties of the azobenzene-containing coatings on paperboard were unaffected by the addition of the azobenzene moieties and isomerization state. Our results reveal a class of photoresponsive azobenzene waterborne coatings that can be easily applied on different substrates.

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The colloidal properties of alkaline‐soluble waterborne polymers

Cited by 10 publications

References 53 publications

Amphiphilic Block-Random Copolymers: Self-Folding Behavior and Stabilizers in Emulsion Polymerization

Amphiphilic Block-Random Copolymers: Self-Folding Behavior and Stabilizers in Emulsion Polymerization

Water Barrier Properties of Resin‐Stabilized Waterborne Coatings for Paperboard

Optical Patterning in Photoresponsive Azobenzene-Based Waterborne Coatings

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