The combination of expandable graphite, organic montmorillonite, and magnesium hydrate as fire‐retardant additives for ethylene–propylene–diene monomer/chloroprene rubber foams

Ding, Zhengmao; Li, Yingchun; He, Maoyong; Wang, Wensheng; Wang, Chao

doi:10.1002/app.44929

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(38 reference statements)

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“…However, the carbon residue surface of UPR‐1‐4 and UPR‐1‐6 samples formed a honeycomb‐like structure after combustion, and significant increase of carbon residue . This suggested that continuous and cohesive stable carbon layer can effectively prevent the transfer of combustible gas and heat between condensed phase and gas phase, thereby improving the flame retardancy of composite materials …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of expandable graphite on flame retardancy and thermal stability property of unsaturated polyester resins/organic magnesium hydroxide composites

Zeng

Shi

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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An eco-friendly flame retardant unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) material was prepared by combination organic magnesium hydroxide (OMH) and expandable graphite (EG). Different from direct addition of magnesium hydroxide (MH) in UPR matrix-like traditional method, OMH as a reactive monomer participates in the polycondensation reaction of UPR was more effective in improving the compatibility of flame retardant with matrix. Interestingly, the flame retardant UPR composites exhibited a more satisfactory flame retardant effect when a certain amount of 8 wt % EG was added into UPR/OMH matrix because of the synergistic effect between OMH and EG, resulted in the limited oxygen index from 21.7 to 28.5% and UL-94 test passed V-0 rating. Moreover, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and smoke production rate of flame retardant UPR composites significantly reduced. The excellent flame retardancy was due to the formation of a dense and continuous carbon layer in the later stages of combustion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of expandable graphite on flame retardancy and thermal stability property of unsaturated polyester resins/organic magnesium hydroxide composites

Zeng

Shi

et al. 2019

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…Notably, the fastest decomposition temperatures of MBPFs in this second stage were remarkably increased by about 40 °C in relation to that of BPF. These phenomena indicated that MMT played an important role on the second degradation step, directly slowing down the escape of degraded compounds and the diffusion of oxygen [61].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Characterization of Bio-oil Phenolic Foam Reinforced with Montmorillonite

Chang

et al. 2019

Polymers

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Introducing bio-oil into phenolic foam (PF) can effectively improve the toughness of PF, but its flame retardant performance will be adversely affected and show a decrease. To offset the decrease in flame retardant performance, montmorillonite (MMT) can be added as a promising alternative to enhance the flame resistance of foams. The present work reported the effects of MMT on the chemical structure, morphological property, mechanical performance, flame resistance, and thermal stability of bio-oil phenolic foam (BPF). The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) result showed that the –OH group peaks shifted to a lower frequency after adding MMT, indicating strong hydrogen bonding between MMT and bio-oil phenolic resin (BPR) molecular chains. Additionally, when a small content of MMT (2–4 wt %) was added in the foamed composites, the microcellular structures of bio-oil phenolic foam modified by MMT (MBPFs) were more uniform and compact than that of BPF. As a result, the best performance of MBPF was obtained with the addition of 4 wt % MMT, where compressive strength and limited oxygen index (LOI) increased by 31.0% and 33.2%, respectively, and the pulverization ratio decreased by 40.6% in comparison to BPF. These tests proved that MMT can blend well with bio-oil to effectively improve the flame resistance of PF while enhancing toughness.

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“…The synergistic effects of EG, montmorillonite, and magnesium hydroxide (MH) flame retardancy within the ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/ chloroprene rubber (EPDM/CR) were found and investigated. 28 A significant synergy was also observed in EG with MH in the EVA composites with flame retardancy. 29 Combining EG with other additives is suggested to reduce the total additive amount relative to the use of only one flame retardant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

“…For instance, Tang et al reveals that EG has a synergistic effect with ammonium polyphosphate as well as the red phosphorus within the flame-retardant high-density polyethylene/ethylene vinyl acetate (HDPE/EVA). The synergistic effects of EG, montmorillonite, and magnesium hydroxide (MH) flame retardancy within the ethylene-propylene-diene monomer/chloroprene rubber (EPDM/CR) were found and investigated . A significant synergy was also observed in EG with MH in the EVA composites with flame retardancy .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Environmentally Friendly Nanohybrid Flame Retardant with Outstanding Flame-Retardant Efficiency for Polypropylene

Wang

Chen

et al. 2021

J. Phys. Chem. C

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A facile method to fabricate nanohybrid flame retardants has become increasingly important to enhance the flame-retardant efficiency and adhesion in interfaces between polymer matrix and the flame retardants. Polypropylene (PP) is a vital thermoplastic polymer family member; however, its flame retardancy remains a big challenge because of its other seriously deteriorated properties. In this present work, an environmentally friendly nanohybrid expandable graphite (nHEG) has been successfully designed and synthesized in situ via a one-pot strategy of the first flame-retardant PP by introducing nano-SiO2 particles into the surface and interlamination of graphite lamellas. The performance of PP composites is modulated through regulating nHEG content and nano-SiO2 distribution as the catalytic charring agent, and expandable graphite (EG) is used to be the flame-retardant unit in the synthesis process. PP composites obtain the UL-94 V0 rating by the UL-94 test. The enhanced flame retardancy can be attributable to the formation of continuous and tight char residues. The sample with the highest flame retardancy maintains a tensile strength of 32.7 MPa and 9.3 kJ/m2 of notched impact strength, respectively. Therefore, the nanohybrid flame-retardant PP composites show extensive applications.

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The combination of expandable graphite, organic montmorillonite, and magnesium hydrate as fire‐retardant additives for ethylene–propylene–diene monomer/chloroprene rubber foams

Cited by 20 publications

References 35 publications

Influence of expandable graphite on flame retardancy and thermal stability property of unsaturated polyester resins/organic magnesium hydroxide composites

Influence of expandable graphite on flame retardancy and thermal stability property of unsaturated polyester resins/organic magnesium hydroxide composites

Preparation and Characterization of Bio-oil Phenolic Foam Reinforced with Montmorillonite

An Environmentally Friendly Nanohybrid Flame Retardant with Outstanding Flame-Retardant Efficiency for Polypropylene

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