The Comet assay for the evaluation of genotoxic impact in aquatic environments

Frenzilli, Giada; Nigro, Marco; Lyons, Brett P.

doi:10.1016/j.mrrev.2008.03.001

Cited by 350 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 103 publications

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“…A more recent method is the Comet assay which detects the DNA strand breaks and alkali labile sites by measuring the migration of DNA from immobilised nuclear DNA (Singh et al, 1988). A large number of studies report that Comet assay is more sensitive when compared to sister chromatid exchanges or micronucleus test Lee and Steinert, 2003;Frenzilli et al, 2009). The main advantages of the Comet assay include the collection of data at the level of the individual cell, the need for a small number of cells per sample and the sensitivity for detecting DNA damage (Lee and Steinert, 2003;Jha, 2004).…”

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confidence: 99%

Application of primary haemocyte culture of Penaeus monodon in the assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of heavy metals and pesticides

Jose

Puthumana

Mohandas

et al. 2011

Marine Environmental Research

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a b s t r a c tLack of shrimp cell lines has hindered the study of pollutants which adversely affects shrimp health and its export value. In this context a primary haemocyte culture developed from Penaeus monodon was employed for assessing the cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of two heavy metal compounds, cadmium chloride and mercuric chloride and two organophosphate insecticides, malathion and monocrotophos.Using MTT assay 12 h IC 50 values calculated were 31.09 AE 16.27 mM and 5.52 AE 1.16 mM for cadmium chloride and mercuric chloride and 59.94 AE 52.30 mg l À1 and 186.76 AE 77.00 mg l À1 for malathion and monocrotophos respectively. Employing Comet assay, DNA damage inflicted by these pollutants on haemocytes were evaluated and the pollutants induced DNA damage in >60% of the cells. The study suggested that haemocyte culture could be used as a tool for quantifying cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of aquaculture drugs, management chemicals and pollutants.

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confidence: 99%

Application of primary haemocyte culture of Penaeus monodon in the assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of heavy metals and pesticides

Jose

Puthumana

Mohandas

et al. 2011

Marine Environmental Research

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“…The patterns of DNA damage in fish blood cells visually correlated with the bile metabolite results as related to collection site, providing confirmatory evidence of exposure and response to genotoxic contaminants. It should be noted that the comet assay is recognized as a sensitive, rapid, economical, but nonspecific biomarker for the detection of genetic damage in natural biota [11][12][13]30]. Thus the assay should not be considered diagnostic of exposure to a particular class of contaminants, such as PAHs.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An integrated assessment of sediment remediation in a midwestern U.S. stream using sediment chemistry, water quality, bioassessment, and fish biomarkers

Meier

Snyder

Sigler

et al. 2013

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Abstract-A comprehensive biological, sediment, and water quality study of the lower Little Scioto River near Marion, Ohio, USA, was undertaken to evaluate the changes or improvements in biotic measurements following the removal of creosote-contaminated sediment. The study area covered 7.5 river miles (RMs), including a remediated section between RMs 6.0 and 6.8. Fish and macroinvertebrate assemblages, fish biomarkers (i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon [PAH] metabolite levels in white sucker [Castostomus commersoni] and common carp [Cyprinus carpio] bile and DNA damage), sediment chemistry, and water quality were assessed at five locations relative to the primary source of historical PAH contamination-upstream (RM 9.2), adjacent (RM 6.5), and downstream (RMs 5.7, 4.4, and 2.7). Overall, the biomarker results were consistent with the sediment PAH results, showing a pattern of low levels of PAH bile metabolites and DNA damage at the upstream (reference or background location), as well as the remediated section, high levels at the two immediate downstream sites, and somewhat lower levels at the furthest downstream site. Results show that remediation was effective in reducing sediment contaminant concentrations and exposure of fish to PAHs and in improving fish assemblages (60% increase in index of biotic integrity scores) in remediated river sections. Additional remedial investigation and potentially further remediation is needed to improve the downstream benthic fish community, which is still heavily exposed to PAH contaminants. Environ.

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“…The comet assay is now considered one of the most promising genotoxicity tools to detect a broad spectrum of DNA lesions, with very high sensitivity in aquatic species (Jha 2008, Frenzilli et al 2009, Frenzilli and Lyons 2013, Bolognesi and Cirillo 2014.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The agricultural impact of pesticides on Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) ascertained by comet assay

Gonçalves¹,

Gambale²,

Godoy³

et al. 2017

Zoologia

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ABSTRACT. Amphibians inhabiting agricultural areas are constantly exposed to large amounts of chemicals, which reach the aquatic environment during the rainy season through runoff, drainage, and leaching. We performed a comet assay on the erythrocytes of tadpoles found in the surroundings of agricultural fields (soybean and corn crops), where there is an intense release of several kinds of pesticides in different quantities. We aimed to detect differences in the genotoxic parameters between populations collected from soybeans and cornfields, and between them and tadpoles sampled from non-agricultural areas (control group). Tadpoles collected from ponds located at soybean fields had significantly more DNA damage, followed by tadpoles collected from cornfields. In contrast, animals sampled from non-agricultural areas had the lowest incidence of DNA damage. In addition, we found a negative correlation between the parameters of the comet assay and the area of the ponds surrounding soybean. This correlation indicates a possible dilution effect in the concentration of pesticides. Finally, Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 seems to be a good bioindicator for detecting the genotoxic effects of field agricultural insecticides; therefore, we suggest that this species should be used in environmental biomonitoring studies, since it is common and abundant where it occurs.

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The Comet assay for the evaluation of genotoxic impact in aquatic environments

Cited by 350 publications

References 103 publications

Application of primary haemocyte culture of Penaeus monodon in the assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of heavy metals and pesticides

Application of primary haemocyte culture of Penaeus monodon in the assessment of cytotoxicity and genotoxicity of heavy metals and pesticides

An integrated assessment of sediment remediation in a midwestern U.S. stream using sediment chemistry, water quality, bioassessment, and fish biomarkers

The agricultural impact of pesticides on Physalaemus cuvieri tadpoles (Amphibia: Anura) ascertained by comet assay

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