The Coming Anarchy

Water security: Debating an emerging paradigm

“…Somewhat surprisingly (given the attention paid to 'water wars' in popular media), there is relatively little emphasis in the water security literature on military security or on the concept of environmental security ('green wars'), which emerged in the 1990s to refer to the links between violent conflict and environmental degradation (Kaplan, 1994;Homer-Dixon, 1999;Stern, 1999). Of course, these issues have received significant scrutiny from academics (Giordano et al, 2002;Gleick, 1993;Wolf, 1999).…”

Challenges of the “green imperative”: a natural resource-based approach to the environmental orientation–business performance relationship

“…A United Nations study estimates that a global population of between 8 and 12 billion people could have catastrophic consequences, such as uncontrolled spread of disease, deforestation and soil erosion, water depletion, and air pollution (Kaplan, 1994). This will certainly create new challenges for business, if they are to meet future consumer demands.…”

Ecomigration and Violent Conflict: Case Studies and Public Policy Implications

“…Recently, Kaplan (1994), Homer-Dixon (1999, and others have returned to this paradigm, observing conflicts in lesser developed countries (LDCs) due to growing resource scarcity and environmental problems. Other scholars have criticized this view.…”