The Composition and Antimicrobial Activities of Cyperus conglomeratus, Desmos chinensis var. lawii and Cyathocalyx zeylanicus Essential Oils

Abstract

The essential oil compositions of the rhizomes of Cyperus conglomeratus (Cyperaceae) collected from Oman and the leaves of two Annonaceae plants, Desmos chinensis var. lawii and Cyathocalyx zeylanicus collected from India were studied by GC, GC-MS and 13 C NMR spectroscopy. Twenty-six compounds, representing 84.4% of the oil were identified in C. conglomeratus, where eugenol (31.3%), α-cyperone (10.5%) and cyperotundone (8.4%) were the major compounds. Twelve compounds, constituting 100%, were identified in D. lawii oil, of which benzyl benzoate (58.7%), -caryophyllene (23.2%), limonene (4.9%) and -humulene (4.0%) were the major constituents. Thirty-two compounds, comprising 98.0%, were identified in C. zeylanicus oil, of which -caryophyllene (21.6%),-pinene (20.4%) and E--ocimene (11.8%) were the major components. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the oils were tested against a panel of five bacterial and two fungal strains. The oils showed moderate activity against all the tested microbial strains. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of the oils were also determined.

Nutritional Value, Mineral Composition, Secondary Metabolites, and Antioxidant Activity of Some Wild Geophyte Sedges and Grasses

“…The antioxidant capacity of C. conglomeratus and C. capitatus can be attributed to the high content of bioactive compounds [9,41]. Moreover, C. conglomeratus is characterized by various biological activities such as anthelmintic, antidiarrheal, antidiabetic [41,42], antioxidant, antimicrobial [34,43], and cytotoxic activity [9]. On the other hand, P. turgidum has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antihepatotoxic, antifungal, and cytotoxic activities [44][45][46][47][48].…”

Chemical composition and acetylcholinesterase inhibition of the essential oil of Cyathocalyx pruniferus (Maingay ex Hook.f. & Thomson) J.Sinclair

“…(E, E)-α-farnesene (2.6%), and germacrene B (2.4%). In comparison to the previous study (Hisham et al, 2012), analyses of the leaf oil of Cyathocalyx zeylanicus has successfully identified thirty-two compounds, comprising 98.0% of total oil. The essential oil was reported to show high amounts of β-caryophyllene (21.6%), α-pinene (20.4%) and (E)β-ocimene (11.8%).…”

“…However, there is little information about the chemical composition and the biological properties of the essential oil of the genus Cyathocalyx. Previous study on the essential oil of Cyathocalyx have been reported on Cyathocalyx zeylanicus collected from India (Hisham et al, 2012). In continuation of our systematic studies on pharmacologically active volatiles from Malaysian plants (Salleh et al,2014(Salleh et al, , 2015a(Salleh et al, , 2015b(Salleh et al, , 2016a(Salleh et al, , 2016b, we describe in this paper an evaluation of the chemical composition and acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity of the essential oil from the leaf of C. pruniferus.…”

Aurones as Antidiabetic Agents and Their Prebiotic Activities

“…This herb is important in traditional medicine as an emollient, diuretic, analgesic, anthelmintic, and for treating thoracic diseases. Previous studies have described the biological activities of this plant, such as antiulcer activity, antimicrobial activity [8,9], antioxidant and antidiarrheal activities [10], and wound healing activity [11]. In previous phytochemical investigations of C. conglomeratus, several components of different classes were isolated, including essential oil [12], flavonoids [13,14], stilbenes [15], steroids, and triterpene [8].…”