The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM<sub>2.5</sub> concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017

Chen, Ziyue; Chen, Danlu; Kwan, Mei‐Po; Chen, Bin; Gao, Bingbo; Zhuang, Yan; Li, Ruiyuan; Xu, Bing

doi:10.5194/acp-19-13519-2019

Cited by 101 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Observations from a large environmental monitoring network since 2013 have shown a general 30 %–50 % decrease in annual mean PM 2.5 (particulate matter with diameter less than 2.5 μm) across China over the 2013–2018 period, which is consistent with concurrent observations of SO 2 and carbon monoxide (CO) ( Zhai et al, 2019 ). While the declining PM 2.5 trend is mainly attributable to drastic controls on coal combustion, meteorology makes a secondary but still significant contribution to the declining trend of PM 2.5 ( Chen et al, 2018 , 2019 ; Cheng et al, 2019 ; Zhai et al, 2019 ). The manner in which the outflows of East Asian emissions influence the northwestern Pacific Ocean (NWP) and tropical western Pacific Ocean (TWP) is shown in Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual variability and trends of combustion aerosol and dust in major continental outflows revealed by MODIS retrievals and CAM5 simulations during 2003–2017

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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Abstract. Emissions and long-range transport of mineral dust and combustion-related aerosol from burning fossil fuels and biomass vary from year to year, driven by the evolution of the economy and changes in meteorological conditions and environmental regulations. This study offers both satellite and model perspectives on the interannual variability and possible trends of combustion aerosol and dust in major continental outflow regions over the past 15 years (2003–2017). The decade-long record of aerosol optical depth (AOD, denoted as τ), separately for combustion aerosol (τc) and dust (τd), over global oceans is derived from the Collection 6 aerosol products of the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard both Terra and Aqua. These MODIS Aqua datasets, complemented by aerosol source-tagged simulations using the Community Atmospheric Model version 5 (CAM5), are then analyzed to understand the interannual variability and potential trends of τc and τd in the major continental outflows. Both MODIS and CAM5 consistently yield a similar decreasing trend of −0.017 to −0.020 per decade for τc over the North Atlantic Ocean and the Mediterranean Sea that is attributable to reduced emissions from North America and Europe, respectively. On the contrary, both MODIS and CAM5 display an increasing trend of +0.017 to +0.036 per decade for τc over the tropical Indian Ocean, the Bay of Bengal, and the Arabian Sea, which reflects the influence of increased anthropogenic emissions from South Asia and the Middle East in the last 2 decades. Over the northwestern Pacific Ocean, which is often affected by East Asian emissions of pollution and dust, the MODIS retrievals show a decreasing trend of −0.021 per decade for τc and −0.012 per decade for τd, which is, however, not reproduced by the CAM5 model. In other outflow regions strongly influenced by biomass burning smoke or dust, both MODIS retrievals and CAM5 simulations show no statistically significant trends; the MODIS-observed interannual variability is usually larger than that of the CAM5 simulation.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interannual variability and trends of combustion aerosol and dust in major continental outflows revealed by MODIS retrievals and CAM5 simulations during 2003–2017

Yang

Wang

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

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“…We have followed this approach before to isolate the anthropogenic trends of ozone and PM 2.5 Zhai et al, 2019). A similar statistical decomposition of anthropogenic and meteorological contributions to air pollutant trends has been employed by previous studies (e.g., Chen et al 2019;Yu et al, 2019;. The effect of biogenic VOCs on ozone trends depends on meteorological and land cover drivers.…”

Section: Stepwise Multiple Linear Regression (Mlr) Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Increases in surface ozone pollution in China from 2013 to 2019: anthropogenic and meteorological influences

Li¹,

Jacob²,

Shen³

et al. 2020

Atmos. Chem. Phys.

410

159

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Abstract. Surface ozone data from the Chinese Ministry of Ecology and Environment (MEE) network show sustained increases across the country over the 2013–2019 period. Despite Phase 2 of the Clean Air Action Plan targeting ozone pollution, ozone was higher in 2018–2019 than in previous years. The mean summer 2013–2019 trend in maximum 8 h average (MDA8) ozone was 1.9 ppb a−1 (p<0.01) across China and 3.3 ppb a−1 (p<0.01) over the North China Plain (NCP). Fitting ozone to meteorological variables with a multiple linear regression model shows that meteorology played a significant but not dominant role in the 2013–2019 ozone trend, contributing 0.70 ppb a−1 (p<0.01) across China and 1.4 ppb a−1 (p=0.02) over the NCP. Rising June–July temperatures over the NCP were the main meteorological driver, particularly in recent years (2017–2019), and were associated with increased foehn winds. NCP data for 2017–2019 show a 15 % decrease in fine particulate matter (PM2.5) that may be driving the continued anthropogenic increase in ozone, as well as unmitigated emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). VOC emission reductions, as targeted by Phase 2 of the Chinese Clean Air Action Plan, are needed to reverse the increase in ozone.

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“…These actions significantly improved the air quality in Beijing [15][16][17][18]. Compared with the PM 2.5 concentration in 2013, the value in 2017 was 58 µg/m 3 [19], with a reduction of 35.6%.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Environmental Effective Assessment of Control Measures Implemented by Clean Air Action Plan (2013–2017) in Beijing, China

et al. 2020

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The Beijing government initiated the Clean Air Action Plan (CAAP) in 2013. Through a series of actions to control air pollution, the emissions of major atmospheric pollutants are reduced to improve urban air quality. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of control measures taken to mitigate atmospheric pollution, we investigated and analyzed the implementation of the CAAP in Beijing from 2013 to 2017, estimating the corresponding reduction in emissions of major air pollutants. The contribution of different control measures to the improvement of air quality was quantified and the experiences of managing air pollution were summarized, which provided references for the continuous improvement of air quality in Beijing and the surrounding areas. The results showed that the emission of SO 2 , NO X , PM 10 , PM 2.5 , and VOCs from air pollution source have been decreased by 119,924, 116,091, 116,810, 46,652, and 97,267 tons after the implementation of the CAAP. The sum of these five air pollutants emissions have been reduced by 39% in 2017 compared with 2013, the largest decrease in SO 2 emissions was 87%, which was related to the vigorous control on coal-fired combustion. The control measure with the greatest contribution to decreasing the ambient PM 2.5 concentration was the clean energy transformation of coal-fired power plants, which contributed 27% of the total reduced concentration and 6.1 µg/m 3 of the average PM 2.5 concentration reduction in Beijing. Clean Residential coal use also significantly decreased the PM 2.5 concentration by 5.4 µg/m 3 , which was 23% of the total reduction. In addition, the industrial restructuring and the management of automotive vehicle use and dust could also contribute to efficiently reducing the PM 2.5 concentration by 4.0, 3.2, and 2.3 µg/m 3 , or 17%, 14%, and 10% of the total reduction, respectively. Due to the implementation of control measures of Clean Air Action Plan, the energy and industrial structure of Beijing have been adjusted and optimized, leading to the reduction of pollutant emissions, which is the secret of urban long-term air quality improvement.

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The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM_2.5 concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017

Cited by 101 publications

References 42 publications

Interannual variability and trends of combustion aerosol and dust in major continental outflows revealed by MODIS retrievals and CAM5 simulations during 2003–2017

Interannual variability and trends of combustion aerosol and dust in major continental outflows revealed by MODIS retrievals and CAM5 simulations during 2003–2017

Increases in surface ozone pollution in China from 2013 to 2019: anthropogenic and meteorological influences

Environmental Effective Assessment of Control Measures Implemented by Clean Air Action Plan (2013–2017) in Beijing, China

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The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM2.5 concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017

Cited by 101 publications

References 42 publications

Interannual variability and trends of combustion aerosol and dust in major continental outflows revealed by MODIS retrievals and CAM5 simulations during 2003–2017

Interannual variability and trends of combustion aerosol and dust in major continental outflows revealed by MODIS retrievals and CAM5 simulations during 2003–2017

Increases in surface ozone pollution in China from 2013 to 2019: anthropogenic and meteorological influences

Environmental Effective Assessment of Control Measures Implemented by Clean Air Action Plan (2013–2017) in Beijing, China

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The control of anthropogenic emissions contributed to 80 % of the decrease in PM_2.5 concentrations in Beijing from 2013 to 2017