‘The core’: Understanding it, and retraining its dysfunction

Key, Josephine

doi:10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.012

Cited by 71 publications

(55 citation statements)

References 117 publications

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“…This may be because the TrA, IO, and EO comprise the lower trunk via the abdominal aponeurosis, which encloses the long muscles located in the stomach area, from the bottom of the chest to the top of the pubic area, along with the RA. The diaphragm constitutes the roof of this structure, and the diaphragm and anterolateral abdomen are critical in trunk support and movement control (Key 2013). IAP is generated when the diaphragm descends, creating a simultaneous reflex co-activation of the TrA and the pelvic floor muscles (Hodges et al 2001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Respiratory Muscle Function Is Associated with Impaired Trunk Balance among Chronic Stroke Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Lee

Cho

Hwang

et al. 2018

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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The abdominal muscles play a role in trunk balance. Abdominal muscle thickness is asymmetrical in stroke survivors, who also have decreased respiratory muscle function. We compared the thickness of the abdominal muscles between the affected and less affected sides in stroke survivors. In addition, the relationship between respiratory muscle function and trunk balance was evaluated. Chronic stroke patients (18 men, 15 women; mean age, 58.94 ± 12.30 years; Mini-Mental Status Examination score ≥ 24) who could sit without assist were enrolled. Abdominal muscle thickness during rest and contraction was measured with ultrasonography, and the thickening ratio was calculated. Respiratory muscle function assessment included maximum respiratory pressure, peak flow, and air volume. Trunk function was evaluated using the Trunk Impairment Scale, and trunk balance was estimated based on the center of pressure velocity and path length within the limit of stability in sitting posture. Abdominal muscles were significantly thinner on the affected side, and the thickening ratio was lower in the affected side (P < 0.05). In addition, the higher thickening ratio of the affected side showed significant relationship with higher trunk function. Moreover, higher respiratory muscle function was significantly correlated with higher level of trunk function and balance in stroke patients (P < 0.05). Thus, chronic stroke survivors have decreased abdominal muscle thickness on the affected side, and respiratory muscle function has positive correlation with trunk function and balance. We propose that respiratory muscle training should be included as part of trunk balance training in chronic stroke patients.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Decreased Respiratory Muscle Function Is Associated with Impaired Trunk Balance among Chronic Stroke Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Lee

Cho

Hwang

et al. 2018

Tohoku J. Exp. Med.

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“…The muscle control of the transverse abdominus (TrA) and multifidus was measured by using the Pressure Biofeedback Unit (PBU). The TrA and multifidus are important as they increase the intra-abdominal pressure that is responsible for the stability of the spine [36]. The reliability study of PBU test demonstrated ICCs of 0.81 for the test-retest reliability [37].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinesiophobia, Pain, Muscle Functions, and Functional Performances among Older Persons with Low Back Pain

Ishak

Zahari

Justine

2017

Pain Research and Treatment

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Objectives This study aims (1) to determine the association between kinesiophobia and pain, muscle functions, and functional performances and (2) to determine whether kinesiophobia predicts pain, muscle functions, and functional performance among older persons with low back pain (LBP). Methods This is a correlational study, involving 63 institutionalized older persons (age = 70.98 ± 7.90 years) diagnosed with LBP. Anthropometric characteristics (BMI) and functional performances (lower limb function, balance and mobility, and hand grip strength) were measured. Muscle strength (abdominal and back muscle strength) was assessed using the Baseline® Mechanical Push/Pull Dynamometer, while muscle control (transverse abdominus and multifidus) was measured by using the Pressure Biofeedback Unit. The pain intensity and the level of kinesiophobia were measured using Numerical Rating Scale and Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia, respectively. Data were analyzed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and multivariate linear regressions. Results No significant correlations were found between kinesiophobia and pain and muscle functions (all p > 0.05). Kinesiophobia was significantly correlated with mobility and balance (p = 0.038, r = 0.263). Regressions analysis showed that kinesiophobia was a significant predictor of mobility and balance (p = 0.038). Conclusion We can conclude that kinesiophobia predicted mobility and balance in older persons with LBP. Kinesiophobia should be continuously assessed in clinical settings to recognize the obstacles that may affect patient's compliance towards a rehabilitation program in older persons with LBP.

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“…The TrA and multifidus increase intra-abdominal pressure that provides stability to the spine [28]. To assess TrA muscle control, subjects were instructed to draw in their abdomen and hold for a 10-second period [29].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Muscle Functions and Functional Performance among Older Persons with and without Low Back Pain

Ishak

Zahari

Justine

2016

Current Gerontology and Geriatrics Research

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This study aims to compare muscle functions and functional performances between older persons with and without low back pain (LBP) and to determine the association between muscle functions and functional performances. This is a cross-sectional study, involving 95 older persons (age = 70.27 ± 7.26 years). Anthropometric characteristics, muscle functions, and functional performances were measured. Data were analyzed using ANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression. The functional performances showed no significant differences (females LBP versus non-LBP, males LBP versus non-LBP) (p < 0.05). For muscle functions, significant differences were found (females LBP versus non-LBP) for abdominal muscle strength (p = 0.006) and back muscle strength (p = 0.07). In the LBP group, significant correlations were found between back and abdominal muscle strength and hand grip strength (r = 0.377 and r = 0.396, resp.), multifidus control and lower limb function (r = 0.363) in females, and back muscle strength and lower limb function (r = 0.393) in males (all p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that abdominal and back muscle strengths were significant predictors of hand grip strength (p = 0.041 and p = 0.049, resp.), and multifidus control was a significant predictor of lower limb function in females (p = 0.047). This study demonstrates that older women with LBP exhibit poorer muscle functions compared to older women without LBP.

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‘The core’: Understanding it, and retraining its dysfunction

Cited by 71 publications

References 117 publications

Decreased Respiratory Muscle Function Is Associated with Impaired Trunk Balance among Chronic Stroke Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Decreased Respiratory Muscle Function Is Associated with Impaired Trunk Balance among Chronic Stroke Patients: A Cross-sectional Study

Kinesiophobia, Pain, Muscle Functions, and Functional Performances among Older Persons with Low Back Pain

Muscle Functions and Functional Performance among Older Persons with and without Low Back Pain

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