The Dental Plaque Microbiome in Health and Disease

Peterson, Scott N.; Snesrud, Erik; Liu, Jia; Ong, Ana; Kilian, Mogens; Schork, Nicholas J.; Bretz, Walter A.

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0058487

Cited by 193 publications

(177 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…The levels of infection by mutans streptococci were high in about 45% of the cohort and low in about 55% of our cohort (data not shown). As we employed a rapid and simple assay to assess salivary levels of mutans streptococci, we may have missed other bacterial species [see Peterson et al, 2013] that explained the negative association of externalizing problems and caries.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Externalizing Behavior Problems Linked to Genetic and Non-Genetic Variation in Dental Caries

Lorber¹,

Heyman²,

Bretz³

2014

Caries Res

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The association of environmental and genetic variation in caries with child externalizing behavior problems (inattention, hyperactivity, impulsivity, and defiance) was studied in a sample of 239 pairs of 3- to 8-year-old impoverished Brazilian twins. It was hypothesized that externalizing problems would show a stronger positive association with environmental than genetic variation in caries. Univariate twin models were estimated to parse variation in caries into three components: additive genetic (A), shared environment (C) and non-shared environment/error (E). Age-adjusted associations between externalizing problems and each variance component were tested. Contrary to the hypothesis, modest but very consistent negative associations were found between externalizing problems and both genetic and environmental variation in caries. Mutans streptococci and sweetness preference did not explain the negative associations of caries and externalizing problems. Externalizing problems in non-medicated children were associated with less dental decay that could be explained by both genetic and environmental factors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Child Externalizing Behavior Problems Linked to Genetic and Non-Genetic Variation in Dental Caries

Lorber¹,

Heyman²,

Bretz³

2014

Caries Res

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“…The oral microbiome is one of the best characterized human body sites (Socransky et al, 1998;Paster et al, 2001;Marsh, 2006;Haffajee et al, 2008;BeldaFerre et al, 2012;Peterson et al, 2013), comprising an extremely complex and highly organized biofilm community (Kolenbrander, 2000;Kolenbrander et al, 2002). More than 600 bacterial species have been identified in the oral cavity (Paster et al, 2001;Dewhirst et al, 2010).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Community-wide transcriptome of the oral microbiome in subjects with and without periodontitis

Duran-Pinedo¹,

et al. 2014

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Despite increasing knowledge on phylogenetic composition of the human microbiome, our understanding of the in situ activities of the organisms in the community and their interactions with each other and with the environment remains limited. Characterizing gene expression profiles of the human microbiome is essential for linking the role of different members of the bacterial communities in health and disease. The oral microbiome is one of the most complex microbial communities in the human body and under certain circumstances, not completely understood, the healthy microbial community undergoes a transformation toward a pathogenic state that gives rise to periodontitis, a polymicrobial inflammatory disease. We report here the in situ genome-wide transcriptome of the subgingival microbiome in six periodontally healthy individuals and seven individuals with periodontitis. The overall picture of metabolic activities showed that iron acquisition, lipopolysaccharide synthesis and flagellar synthesis were major activities defining disease. Unexpectedly, the vast majority of virulence factors upregulated in subjects with periodontitis came from organisms that are not considered major periodontal pathogens. One of the organisms whose gene expression profile was characterized was the uncultured candidate division TM7, showing an upregulation of putative virulence factors in the diseased community. These data enhance understanding of the core activities that are characteristic of periodontal disease as well as the role that individual organisms in the subgingival community play in periodontitis.

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“…Scietific investigators have disclosed several health issues as a consequence of dental plaques and have in fact considered dental decay as one of the most widespread contagion globally. Certain studies have highlighted the importance of a variety of factors like the genetic makeup of the organism, immunological aspects and the its behavioral aspects with the host environment [29].…”

Section: Consequences Of Dental Plaquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dental Plaques: Microbial Community of the Oral Cavity

Ramachandran¹

2017

JMEN

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Dental plaques are the biofilms or the microbial population associated with the oral cavity and is responsible for several clinical conditions that affect the host system. Despite the fact that, the oral micro flora offer certain benefit to the host by offering protection to the epithelial cell from damage and enhances the digestion of some substrates, their harmful consequences cannot be denied. The oral cavity dwells over 700 different species of bacteria and is described as one of the most intricate ecosystem. Though majority of them are considered as commensally, some of them are responsible for oral infections ranging from cavities to periodontal diseases and gum related infections. The current review attempts to provide a better understanding of these bacterial communities of the oral cavity. The review provides the insights on dental plaque in general followed by the formation of these dental plaques and the stages involved in the growth and maturation of these dental biofilms. A wide range of micro flora is associated with dental plaques and the review has Attempted to list out the bacterial community at the respective clinical condition and their classification based on their location and stage of infection. The components and the consequences of the dental biofilms have addressed. The review also attempts to disclose the significance of molecular biological methods in improving the identification and characterization of the oral microbial community and has also focused on the possible treatment for dental plaques.

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The Dental Plaque Microbiome in Health and Disease

Cited by 193 publications

References 39 publications

Child Externalizing Behavior Problems Linked to Genetic and Non-Genetic Variation in Dental Caries

Child Externalizing Behavior Problems Linked to Genetic and Non-Genetic Variation in Dental Caries

Community-wide transcriptome of the oral microbiome in subjects with and without periodontitis

Dental Plaques: Microbial Community of the Oral Cavity

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