The development of ghost vaccines trials

Batah, A.M.; Ahmad, Tarek A.

doi:10.1080/14760584.2020.1777862

Cited by 31 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 178 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Moreover, they can only be purified by washing, centrifugation and freeze-drying [15]. Based on these novel biological characteristics, BGs are potential vaccine delivery systems [16]. They have been progressively adopted in the delivery of nucleic acids, proteins, and chemical drugs [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Ghosts-Based Vaccine and Drug Delivery Systems

Chen

Kong

et al. 2021

Pharmaceutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacterial ghosts (BGs) are empty bacterial envelopes of Gram-negative bacteria produced by controlled expressions of cloned gene E, forming a lysis tunnel structure within the envelope of the living bacteria. Globally, BGs have been used as vaccine delivery systems and vaccine adjuvants. There is an increasing interest in the development of novel delivery systems that are based on BGs for biomedical applications. Due to intact reservation of bacterial cell membranes, BGs have an inherent immunogenicity, which enables targeted drug delivery and controlled release. As carrier vehicles, BGs protect drugs from interference by external factors. In recent years, there has been an increasing interest in BG-based delivery systems against tumors, inflammation, and infection, among others. Herein, we reviewed the preparation methods for BGs, interactions between BGs and the host, and further highlighted research progress in BG development.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bacterial Ghosts-Based Vaccine and Drug Delivery Systems

Chen

Kong

et al. 2021

Pharmaceutics

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Microbial ghosts prepared by this protocol can be applied in immunization [ 17 , 18 ], as a drug delivery system [ 19 ], and even DNA and protein isolation [ 25 , 26 ]. In this study, the protocol was applied to protect in vitro tissue cultures of plants against fungal pathogens.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The protocol enables evacuation of microbial cells while keeping their 3D structure. This turns live cells to dead ghost cells with retained immunogenicity that could be used in immunization [ 17 , 18 ]. Microbial ghosts prepared by this protocol can also be applied as a drug delivery system [ 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Development of a Phytopathogenic Fungi Control Trial: Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger Infection in Jojoba Tissue Culture as a Model

El-Baky

Rahman

Sharaf

et al. 2021

The Scientific World Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

After introducing the idea of using concentrations equal to or less than the minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) of some active chemical compounds for evacuating microbial cells, different types of microbes were evacuated. The original protocol was given the name sponge-like protocol and then was reduced and modified from a microorganism to another to prepare microbial ghosts for various applications such as immunological applications, drug delivery, and isolation of DNA and protein. Fungal pathogens that infect plants critically affect cost effectiveness, quality, and quantity of their production. They kill plant cells and/or cause plant stress. Plant fungal infections can originate from many sources such as infected soil, seeds, or crop debris causing diseases and quality losses around the world with billions of US dollars annually as costs of the associated productivity loss. This study focused on the application of the sponge-like protocol in protecting in vitro tissue cultures of plants against fungal pathogens. This can be useful for research purposes or may be developed to be introduced in field applications. Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger infection in tissue culture of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schn.) was used as a model to establish the employment of this protocol to control plant fungal diseases. The best conditions for A. flavus and A. niger ghosts production previously mapped by randomization experimental design (reduced Plackett–Burman experimental design) were used to prepare fungal ghosts. SDS, NaOH, NaHCO3, and H2O2 were used in their MIC (+1 level) or minimum growth concentration (MGC, −1 level) according to the determined optimal experimental design. The release of both of DNA and protein from the fungal cells was evaluated spectrophotometrically at 260nm and 280nm, respectively, as an indicator for cell loss of their cytoplasm. Fungal ghost cells were also examined by transmission electron microscopy. After confirming the preparation of high-quality fungal ghost cells, the same conditions were mimicked to control plant fungal infection. Jojoba grown in tissue culture was sprayed with fungal cells (about 103 CFU) as a control experiment or fungal cells followed by treatment with solution (a) represents the fungal ghost cells formation calculated critical concentration (FGCCC) of SDS, NaOH, and NaHCO3 and then treatment with solution (b) represents H2O2 FGCCC. The plant was examined on day 0 (plant grown before any infection or infection followed by treatment), day 5 (plant at day 5 after infection or infection followed by treatment), and day 10 (plant at day 10 after infection or infection followed by treatment). We observed fungal growth in case of control experiments at days 5 and 10 on the tissue culture medium, as well as plant, and the absence of any fungal growth in case of plant treated with FGCCC even after day 10. We recommend using this FGCCC in the form of chemical spraying formulation to treat the plants aiming to control different plant fungal infections in in vitro tissue culture systems or applied in field.

show abstract

“…Live attenuated vaccines that induce cellular and humoral immunity have potential hazards of virulence recovery of attenuated strains [33]. As a new strategy, bacterial ghost vaccines retain the benefits of inactivated vaccines and live attenuated vaccines while avoiding the disadvantages such as a weaker immune response, insecurity, and inconvenient transportation and storage [34]. Therefore, BGs have been widely used as multivalent vaccines [29] and DNA vaccine carriers [35] in stock farming and the aquaculture industry.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Novel and Efficient High-Yield Method for Preparing Bacterial Ghosts

Liu

Sun

et al. 2021

Toxins

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Bacterial ghosts (BGs) are empty cell envelopes possessing native extracellular structures without a cytoplasm and genetic materials. BGs are proposed to have significant prospects in biomedical research as vaccines or delivery carriers. The applications of BGs are often limited by inefficient bacterial lysis and a low yield. To solve these problems, we compared the lysis efficiency of the wild-type protein E (EW) from phage ΦX174 and the screened mutant protein E (EM) in the Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) strain. The results show that the lysis efficiency mediated by protein EM was improved. The implementation of the pLysS plasmid allowed nearly 100% lysis efficiency, with a high initial cell density as high as OD600 = 2.0, which was higher compared to the commonly used BG preparation method. The results of Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence indicate that the expression level of protein EM was significantly higher than that of the non-pLysS plasmid. High-quality BGs were observed by SEM and TEM. To verify the applicability of this method in other bacteria, the T7 RNA polymerase expression system was successfully constructed in Salmonella enterica (S. Enterica, SE). A pET vector containing EM and pLysS were introduced to obtain high-quality SE ghosts which could provide efficient protection for humans and animals. This paper describes a novel and commonly used method to produce high-quality BGs on a large scale for the first time.

show abstract

The development of ghost vaccines trials

Cited by 31 publications

References 178 publications

Bacterial Ghosts-Based Vaccine and Drug Delivery Systems

Bacterial Ghosts-Based Vaccine and Drug Delivery Systems

The Development of a Phytopathogenic Fungi Control Trial: Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger Infection in Jojoba Tissue Culture as a Model

A Novel and Efficient High-Yield Method for Preparing Bacterial Ghosts

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About