The diagnostic and prognostic utility of insulin growth factor of squamous cell carcinoma in oral cavity

Abstract

Objective: The present study was conducted to find the utility of insulin growth factors (IGFs) as diagnostic and prognostic biochemical parameters in patients suffering from squamous cell carcinoma of oral cavity. Materials and Methods: A total of 360 male and female patients diagnosed with precancerous conditions (PCC) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) of Stage I to IV were selected for the present study. Patients were interviewed using a structured questionnaire to ascertain their demographic and medical history. After completing the history and physical examination, patients were subjected to routine blood investigations along with determining insulin growth factor (IGF-1, IGFBP-3) levels. The data obtained were then subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 20.0 version. Results: The mean values of IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3), and ratio of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3 were obtained. The intergroup comparison was done between PCC and all the stages of OSCC for all the IGFs. The result obtained was found to be statistically significant ( P < 0.05). Conclusion: The present study concluded that a positive correlation was observed for various insulin growth factors (IGF-1, IGFBP-3; and ratio of IGF-1 and IGFBP-3) between OSCC and PCC such as erythroplakia and oral submucous fibrosis. Thus, the study highlighted the use of IGFs as diagnostic and prognostic parameters in patients suffering from cancerous conditions.

Insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 in oral potentially malignant disorders and oral squamous cell carcinoma: A Systematic Review

“…(Fig. 1) A total of 6 articles [20][21][22][23][24][25] that matched the eligibility criteria were processed for data extraction. (Table 1) [20,22,24] used the IHC method and other 3 studies [21,23,25] used ELISA technique, and biochemical analysis of blood (serum/plasma).…”

“…1) A total of 6 articles [20][21][22][23][24][25] that matched the eligibility criteria were processed for data extraction. (Table 1) [20,22,24] used the IHC method and other 3 studies [21,23,25] used ELISA technique, and biochemical analysis of blood (serum/plasma). Among 6 studies, 2 studies [22,24] also used reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for IGFBP 3 analysis.…”

Prognostic value of diabetes and metformin use in a real-life population of head and neck cancer patients

“…Since insulin increases IGF-1 levels and decreases IGF-BP levels, and insulin levels are subnormal in diabetics, this may explain the better prognosis of these patients. Indeed, some works have shown that elevated expression of IGF-BP-3 was associated with a shorter time to progression in HNC patients (40) and that levels of IGF factors were found to be maximum in stages with better prognosis in oral cancer (41). The other factor that could positively influence the prognosis of these patients is the use of metformin.…”

“…The other factor that could positively influence the prognosis of these patients is the use of metformin. In fact, this drug has been studied in numerous types of cancer for its presumed antitumor effects (41), however the presence of trials with an adequate study design and number, did not lead to a definitive conclusion regarding its efficacy. Just for HNCs, there have also been numerous studies, including metaanalyses (24-26, 42, 43), that have shown a positive prognostic association between metformin use and cancer (44, 45), particularly in patients with oral cancer (46,47), hypopharyngeal carcinoma (24), laryngeal carcinoma (42,48).…”

Insulin-like growth factor-I signaling plays a pivotal role in the development of oral premalignant lesions in patients with diabetes mellitus

“…As the expression of IGF-I protein was found to be elevated in erythroplakia as compared to OSCC, this study indicated that serum IGF-I levels were increased in conditions which have a better prognosis such as erythroplakia and OSCC stage I, whereas the levels of IGF-I protein were downregulated in conditions with poor prognosis, such as OSCC stage IV. 26…”