The diffusion of hydrogen and deuterium through self-stressed Pd77Ag23 membrane

Study of hydrogen and deuterium permeation through Pd77Ag23 membrane: Analysis of stationary state

“…Scheme and details of experiments were presented in earlier papers [11,12,17]. In experiments after attainment of equilibrium concentration of interstitial component in the whole Pd 77 Ag 23 membrane, the pressure of hydrogen or deuterium at outer side of the tube was changed from p 0 up to p 1 = p 0 + p and the pressure of hydrogen or deuterium, which permeated through the wall of Pd 77 Ag 23 membrane was measured as a function of time: p(t).…”

“…Input and removal of hydrogen or deuterium in the experimental system were controlled by the pressure gauges. Before measurements the Pd 77 Ag 23 membrane was annealed at about 600 • C in high vacuum [11,12].…”

“…In papers [11,12] maxima and minima on p(t) lines, induced by stresses, were showed and analyzed and the diffusion coefficients at stress conditions were determined.…”

“…Many problems of diffusivity and solubility of hydrogen and deuterium in the palladium-silver alloys have been extensively investigated and solved in different studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7], but only a few papers [8][9][10][11][12] describe hydrogen and deuterium diffusion in palladium-silver membranes at stress conditions. The introduction of hydrogen or deuterium into palladium-silver membrane changes the volume of metal and creates stresses.…”

“…Stresses change chemical potential of interstitial components in the whole membrane and, in membranes with some initial content of interstitial component, induce flows of hydrogen or deuterium in the opposite direction than Fick's flux-uphill effects [13][14][15][16][17]. In papers [11,12] the large influence of stresses on diffusion coefficients of hydrogen and deuterium in Pd 77 Ag 23 membrane was showed. The diffusion coefficients of hydrogen and deuterium for initial contents of interstitial components up to n 0 = 0.1 (n 0 , atomic ratio of hydrogen or deuterium to metal) decrease with n 0 increasing.…”