The disaster of arsenic poisoning of groundwater in South Asia—a focus on research needs and UNU's role

Adeel, Zafar

doi:10.1016/s0959-3780(02)00003-1

Cited by 11 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…As arsenite is found at high proportions of total arsenic burden in paddy soils (Abedin et al ., 2002a), the presence of arsenite poses a considerable concern in rice cultivation systems. Given that vast areas of southeast Asia are under threat from arsenic contaminated groundwaters (Adeel, 2002), and this contaminated groundwater is widely used to irrigate rice (Abedin et al ., 2002a,b), it is imperative that the physiology of arsenite uptake into rice is investigated further. Future studies should focus on varietal differences in arsenite uptake by rice roots to find out if it is possible to breed rice for reduced arsenite uptake.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenite transport into paddy rice (Oryza sativa) roots

2002

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Summary• Here the mechanism of arsenite transport into paddy rice ( Oryza sativa ) roots, uptake of which is described by Michaelis-Menten kinetics, is reported. A recent study on yeast ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) showed that undissociated arsenite (its pK a is 9.2) was transported across the plasma membrane via a glycerol transporting channel. To investigate whether the same mechanism of transport was involved for rice, competitive studies with glycerol, which is transported into cells via aquaporins, were performed.• Glycerol competed with arsenite for transport in a dose-dependent manner, indicating that arsenite and glycerol uptake mechanisms were the same. Arsenate transport was unaffected by glycerol, confirming that arsenate and arsenite are taken up into cells by different mechanisms.• Antimonite, an arsenite analogue that is transported into S. cerevisiae cells by aquaporins, also competed with arsenite transport in a dose-dependent manner, providing further evidence that arsenite is transported into rice roots via glycerol transporting channels. Mercury (Hg 2+ ) inhibited both arsenite and arsenate uptake, suggesting that inhibition of influx was due to general cellular stress rather than the specific action of Hg 2+ on aquaporins.• Arsenite uptake by pea ( Pisum sativum ) and wheat ( Triticum aestivum ) was also described by Michaelis-Menten kinetics.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenite transport into paddy rice (Oryza sativa) roots

2002

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“…As a result of microbial mobilization, As may leach through the soil with drainage water and pose a risk to groundwaters [27][28][29][30][31]. With respect to human toxicity, As-contaminated groundwaters cause large health risks in several countries [32][33][34][35][36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of arsenic bioavailability in contaminated soils

Turpeinen

Virta

Häggblom

2003

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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The bioavailable arsenic (As) content of contaminated soils was determined by joint analyses of acid-soluble, total water-soluble, and biovailable As by using a luminescent bacterial sensor, Escherichia coli MC1061(pTOO31). According to the results of this study, a significant positive correlation was found between the concentration of total water-soluble As and the bioavailability of As. However, the bioavailability of As in soil varied between sampling sites and was not equal when compared to the concentration of total water-soluble As; bioavailable As was 3 to 77% of total water-soluble As in soil. Our experiments also showed that aging and sequestration of As occurs in contaminated soils and As compounds thus become progressively less bioavailable with time. As a consequence, the bioavailability and toxicity of As should be considered when evaluating the ecological risks of contaminated soils.

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“…In Bangladesh, the background As concentration in soil ranges from 4 to 8 mg kg -1 ; however, in areas where irrigation is performed with As-contaminated groundwater, the soil As level can reach up to 83 mg kg -1 (Ullah 1998). There has been a considerable amount of investigation carried out on drinking water contamination as well as As mitigation options (Adeel 2002). However, there is no systematic study yet performed on the phytotoxicity, plant growth, grain yield and As uptake of any local T-aman rice in the context of the Bangladeshi environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Arsenic uptake and phytotoxicity of T-aman rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in the As-amended soil of Bangladesh

et al. 2009

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A pot-culture experiment was conducted in open-field conditions with highly cultivated locally transplanted (T) aman rice (Oryza sativa L.) named BR-22 in arsenic (As)-amended soil (0, 1.0, 5.0, 10.0, 20.0, 30.0, 40.0 and 50.0 mg kg -1 As) of Bangladesh to see the effect of As on the growth, yield and metal uptake of rice. Arsenic was applied to soil in the form of sodium arsenate (Na 2 HAsO 4 ). Arsenic affected the plant height, tiller and panicle numbers, grain and straw yield of T-aman rice significantly (P B 0.05). The grain As uptake of T-aman rice was found to increase with increase of As in soil and a high grain As uptake was observed in the treatments of 30-50 mg kg -1 As-containing soil. These levels exceed the food hygiene concentration limit of 1.0 mg kg -1 As. However, the straw As uptake varied significantly (P B 0.05) from a low concentration of As in soil (5 mg kg -1 ) and the highest uptake was noticed in 20 mg kg -1 As treatment.

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The disaster of arsenic poisoning of groundwater in South Asia—a focus on research needs and UNU's role

Cited by 11 publications

References 0 publications

Arsenite transport into paddy rice (Oryza sativa) roots

Arsenite transport into paddy rice (Oryza sativa) roots

Analysis of arsenic bioavailability in contaminated soils

Arsenic uptake and phytotoxicity of T-aman rice (Oryza sativa L.) grown in the As-amended soil of Bangladesh

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