The Discovery of the Buffer Capacity of Various Types of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules

Дубровский, А. В.; Kim, Aleksandr L.; Musin, Egor V.; Ramazanov, Bulat; Tikhonenko, Sergey A.

doi:10.3390/polym13224026

Cited by 6 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 24 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Additionally, we found the dependence of the buffer capacity’s behavior on the PMC shell’s composition, the presence of an encapsulated protein, the magnitude of ionic strength, and the temperature of the solution. These studies demonstrated that the buffer properties of microcapsules are determined by the charged regions of PAH (uncompensated with PSS) in the composition of their shell [ 2 , 9 ]. However, as described above, the number and density of PAH charged groups (distance between nearest groups of -NH 3 + groups) also depend on the number of microcapsule shell layers and the number of microcapsules themselves.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Polyelectrolytes and their complexes can change the degree of their (de) protonation and charge density when the pH of the solution changes. A polyelectrolyte microcapsule shell consisting of polyelectrolyte complex will have buffer capacity, too [ 2 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dubrovsky et al demonstrated the buffer capacity of polyelectrolyte microcapsules and the dependence of the behavior of the buffer capacity on the presence of an encapsulated protein [ 2 ], the ionic strength, and the temperature of the solution [ 9 ]. Additionally, these works confirmed that the buffer properties of microcapsules are determined by polyallylamine (PAH) sites uncompensated with polystyrene sulfonate in the composition of a PMC’s shell.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

A Study of the Buffer Capacity of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Depending on Their Concentration and the Number of Layers of the Polyelectrolyte Shell

Musin

Дубровский

Kim

et al. 2022

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyelectrolyte microcapsules are used in the development of new forms of targeted delivery systems, self-healing materials, sensors, and smart materials. Nevertheless, their buffer capacity has not been practically studied, although that characteristic makes it possible to estimate the change in the state of protonation of the entire polyelectrolyte system. This is necessary both for creating a buffer barrier system for pH-sensitive compounds (metals, enzymes, polyelectrolytes, drugs) and for the correct interpretation of the results of research and studying of the PMC structure. The buffer capacity of a PMC can be affected by the concentration of microcapsules in solution and the number of shell layers since the listed parameters affect other physicochemical properties of the PMC shell. This includes, for example, the electrical conductivity, permeability (of ions), osmotic pressure, charge density, etc. In this regard, we studied the change in the buffer capacity of polyelectrolyte microcapsules depending on their concentration and the number of shell layers. As a result, it was found that with an increasing concentration of microcapsules, the buffering capacity of the PMC increases, but at the same time, in the pH range from 4 to 5.5, the calculated buffering capacity of 1 billion capsules decreases with increasing their concentration. This effect may be associated with a decrease in the available -NH2 groups of the PMC’s shell. In addition, it was found that the main contribution to the buffer capacity of a PMC is made by the entire shell of the microcapsule and not just its surface. At the same time, the buffer capacity of the capsules has non-linear growth with an increase in the number of PMC shell layers. It is presumably associated either with a decrease in the polyelectrolyte layer with an increase in their number or with a decrease in the permeability of hydrogen protons.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

A Study of the Buffer Capacity of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Depending on Their Concentration and the Number of Layers of the Polyelectrolyte Shell

Musin

Дубровский

Kim

et al. 2022

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…In our previous work, we revealed the presence of a buffer capacity (BC) in PMCs consisting of PAH and PSS [ 12 ]. It was also found that BC microcapsules increase in the presence of salt in the pH range 5.5 to 9, and it was hypothesized that BC microcapsules correspond to unpaired sections of PAH in their composition.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dubrovskii et al have already demonstrated differences in the behavior of the buffer capacity of polyelectrolyte microcapsules depending on the composition of the PMC shell, the presence of an encapsulated protein, and 0.5 M sodium chloride [ 12 ]. We assume that the buffer capacity of PMCs can also be affected by the magnitude of the ionic strength and the temperature of the solution, because there are several works describing their influence on the buffer capacity of free polyelectrolytes and their complexes [ 13 , 14 , 15 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Study of the Buffer Capacity of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Depending on Their Ionic Environment and Incubation Temperature

Дубровский

Kim

Musin

et al. 2022

IJMS

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Polyelectrolyte microcapsules (PMCs) are used in the development of new forms of drugs, coatings and diagnostic systems. Their buffer capacity, depending on the conditions of the medium, has not been practically studied, although it can affect the structure of both the capsule itself and the encapsulated agents. In this connection, we studied the buffer capacity of polyelectrolyte microcapsules of the composition (polystyrene sulfonate/polyallylamine)3 ((PSS/PAH)3) depending on the concentration and the type of salt in solution, as well as the microcapsule incubation temperature. It was found that the buffer capacity of microcapsules in the presence of mono- and di-valent salts of the same ionic strength did not differ practically. Increasing the NaCl concentration to 1 M led to an increase of buffer capacity of PMCs at pH ≥ 5, and an increase in NaCl concentration above 1 M did not change buffer capacity. The study of the buffer capacity of pre-heated PMCs showed that buffer capacity decreased with increasing incubation temperature, which was possibly due to the compaction of the PMCs and an increase in the number of compensated PAH sites. The addition of 1 M sodium chloride to heated PMCs presumably reversed the process described above, since an increase in the ionic strength of the solution led to an increase of the buffer capacity of the PMCs. The effects described above confirm the hypothesis put forward that the buffer properties of microcapsules are determined by uncompensated PAH regions in their composition.

show abstract

Validation of a Simple HPLC/UV Method for Assay and In Vitro Release of Glycosaminoglycan from Pharmaceutical Formulations

Ozgen,

Arda Ozturk,

Turan

et al. 2024

ACS Omega

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

This study encompasses the validation of a simple, rapid, and sensitive HPLC/UV method developed in accordance with the guidelines set by ICH Q2(R2) for obtaining the active pharmaceutical ingredient from the glycosaminoglycan family in topical formulations. Previous methods reported for analyzing glycosaminoglycans in semisolid formulations are relatively complex and time-consuming, involving extraction, purification, and derivatization. This developed analytical method allows for straightforward extraction of the active pharmaceutical ingredient from the matrix, enabling the direct injection of samples. This method was performed and validated for the assay of the pharmaceutical gel and cream formulations to investigate the parameters of linearity (r = 0.9997 for the gel formulation and r = 0.9993 for the cream formulation), precision, accuracy, specificity, and robustness by HPLC/UV. Additionally, this method was used to determine the active ingredient in in vitro release studies. In vitro similarity correlation against commercial products was performed according to the Mann−Whitney U statistical test. The similarity results were 96.5−102.7% for the gel formulation and 98.0−106.0% for the cream formulation, which remained within the limits (75−133.33%) according to USP 1724. This proved that in vitro release profiles for both formulations were like those of the commercial product. In light of the research findings, we believe that the HPLC/UV analysis presented can be further enhanced in the future for determining the levels of active ingredients in various pharmaceutical formulations or for monitoring the levels of glycosaminoglycans in biological matrixes.

show abstract

The Discovery of the Buffer Capacity of Various Types of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules

Cited by 6 publications

References 24 publications

A Study of the Buffer Capacity of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Depending on Their Concentration and the Number of Layers of the Polyelectrolyte Shell

A Study of the Buffer Capacity of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Depending on Their Concentration and the Number of Layers of the Polyelectrolyte Shell

A Study of the Buffer Capacity of Polyelectrolyte Microcapsules Depending on Their Ionic Environment and Incubation Temperature

Validation of a Simple HPLC/UV Method for Assay and In Vitro Release of Glycosaminoglycan from Pharmaceutical Formulations

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About