The Distribution of Organic Compounds Between iso-Butanol and Water.

Collander, Runar; Wilhelmi, Karl-Axel; Brotzen, Otto

doi:10.3891/acta.chem.scand.04-1085

Cited by 150 publications

(69 citation statements)

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“…where a,b,c, and d are regression coefficients [similar to the distribution coefficients described by Collander (1950)]. It should be noted that b should be negative, while d should be positive to reflect the fact that the more hydrophobic (and less soluble) a chemical is, the lower the flux to sediment concentration ratio.…”

Section: Calculation Of Empirical Efflux Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release rates of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from natural sediments and their relationship to solubility and octanol-water partitioning

Helmstetter

Alden

1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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Abstract. Sediment effiux rates of six polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined employing a novel boundary-layer flux chamber which concentrates trace organics using solid phase extraction techniques. Sediment cores were collected from the Elizabeth River, Virginia and were monitored over a 48 h period for PAH fluxes into uncontaminated seawater. The observed flux rates were related to solubility and octanol-water partition coefficients (Kow) of the PAHs. Flux rates for the six PAHs varied from 0.028 to 0.646 p.g/L/d on a concentration basis and 43.0 to 1,000 p~g/m2/d on an areal basis. The resulting flux rate coefficients (k2) were determined to be well correlated to solubility (R 2 = 0.82) and inversely related to Kow (R 2 = 0.75). The empirically determined sediment flux dynamics fit well with theoretical relationships that have been previously established for bioconcentration kinetics and octanol/water partitioning systems. Thus, it appears possible to predict flux rates of other hydrophobic organic chemicals from ambient sediment and water concentrations, Kow information, and the proposed empirical models.

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Section: Calculation Of Empirical Efflux Ratesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Release rates of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from natural sediments and their relationship to solubility and octanol-water partitioning

Helmstetter

Alden

1994

Arch. Environ. Contam. Toxicol.

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“…(This general relation also holds for the permeation of neutral solutes across rabbit gallbladder epithelium and is discussed further by Diamond and Wright (1969).) From these correlations it is in principle possible to estimate Pr~zm~1o from the relevant value of K. From the diethyl ether-water partition coefficient for L-malic acid of 0.014 (taken as the mean of the values given by Dermer andDermer (1943) andCollander (1950)), averaging the estimates derived from the C. ceratophylla and N. mucronata data gives Pn2ma~0 -4 • 10 -8 m sec -1.…”

Section: Calculation Of Permeability Coefficients From the Rates Of Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lipid-bilayer studies 6.4-9.5 x 10 4d 4 x 10 7e __ a Estimates are averages of the values derived from the relationship for Chara ceratophylla (Collander & B/irlund, 1933) and Nitella mucronata (Collander, 1954). b Based on Kethe r (Collander, 1950). ~ Based on Kether averaged from Dermer and Dermer (1943) and Collander (1950).…”

Section: Calculation Of Permeability Coefficients From the Rates Of Mmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mechanism of passive malic-acid efflux from vacuoles of the CAM plantKalanchoë daigremontiana

Lüttge

Smith

1984

J. Membrain Biol.

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“…It Jias a siniihir mol. wt (60-06) to boric acid, 5 rather than 6 potential H-bonds according to the anah'sis of Stein (1967) and a much lower ether-water partition coefficient (0-00047; Collander, 1949). P^^,^ in phospholipid bilayers at 20 to 25 X is 2-3 to 4-1 x lO-ĉ ms^i (Poznansky et al, 1976;Finkelstein, 1976).…”

Section: Membrane Permeationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short‐ and Long‐distance Transport of Boric Acid in Plants

1980

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SUMMARYT'he molecular weight and ether-water partition coefficient of boric acid are consistent with a Pj5,oH)3 i"^ plant cell membranes of at least 10^* cm s~^. This permeability coefficient is high enough to account for the measured magnitude of boric acid fiuxes at manj' plant cell membranes. The use of active transport of boric acid to maintain B distribution across a membrane away from thermodynamic equilibrium is consequently likely to be energetically expensive. The content of m-diols (with which boric acid can form complexes) in cell walls and inside the cells varies widely between different plant species without any obvious correlation with either total B content or with the B content at which deficiency (in B-requirers) or toxicitj^ symptoms are manifested. B distribution at the cell level depends on the relative extents of passive permeation, active transport and cw-diol formation; regulations may be in response to total mtracellular B rather than free boric acid.The net uptake of boric acid by intact \-ascular land plants is influenced by the rate of traiispiration; while transport of B zvitliiti the xylem is probably directly proportional to the rate of transpiration, neither whole plant B uptake nor transfer from root tissue into the xylem exhibit such a simple relationship. Redistribution of B in the piiloem from transpirational termini is very limited. This limitation could result from the toxicity of B (which requires a low B concentration in the translocation stream relative to other nutrients and to sinl-: requirements) or to 'counter-current distribution' of B fron"i the phloem to the adjacent xyleiri stream (low in B) throiifih the B-permeable sieve-tube plasmalemma.Tlie transport of B is discussed in relation to the evolution of multi-cellular algae and of vascular land plants.

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The Distribution of Organic Compounds Between iso-Butanol and Water.

Cited by 150 publications

References 0 publications

Release rates of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from natural sediments and their relationship to solubility and octanol-water partitioning

Release rates of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons from natural sediments and their relationship to solubility and octanol-water partitioning

Mechanism of passive malic-acid efflux from vacuoles of the CAM plantKalanchoë daigremontiana

Short‐ and Long‐distance Transport of Boric Acid in Plants

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