The Dynamic Change in Plasma Epstein–Barr Virus DNA Load over a Long-Term Follow-Up Period Predicts Prognosis in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Abstract

The current study was designed to investigate the changes in the circulating Epstein–Barr virus DNA load (EBV DNA) at various time points before and after treatment and its clinical significance in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). A total of 142 patients with NPC were prospectively enrolled in this study. The plasma EBV DNA concentration was measured before and after treatment using qPCR. The prognostic values of the EBV DNA load were analyzed using the Kaplan–Meier and Cox regression tests. Following multivariate analysis, our data showed that high pre-EBV DNA loads were associated with significantly poorer distant metastasis free survival (DMFS) and progression free survival (PFS); detectable end-EBV DNA loads were associated with significantly worse loco-regional recurrence free survival (LRRFS) and PFS, and the detecTable 6 months-post-EBV DNA loads were associated with significantly poorer overall survival (OS), DMFS and PFS (p < 0.05). Additionally, combining the pre-EBV DNA load and the stage of the disease, our results showed that patients at stage III-IVA with a low pre-EBV DNA load had similar survival rates as patients at stage II with a low or high pre-EBV DNA load, but had better survival rates than those at stage III-IVA with a high pre-EBV DNA load. Taken together, we showed that the change of the EBV DNA load measured at several time points was more valuable than at any single time point for predicting patients’ survival for NPC. Furthermore, combining the pre-EBV DNA load and the TNM classification could help to formulate an improved prognostic model for this cancer.

Epidemiological, Clinicopathological and Prognosis Features of Moroccan Patients with Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

“…Given that survival rates are better among patients diagnosed at an early clinical stage, specifically those with non-nodal involvement; the implementation of NPC new biomarkers' into routine managment in intermediate incidence areas for NPC could be helpful to control this disease, prevent death and improve patient outcomes. In this field, it's of particular interest to assess the usefulness of recent and non-invasive tools such as EBV DNA load (Gihbid et al 2023), high sensitive imaging (PET-MRI) for initial diagnostic and recurrence detection (Gihbid et al 2022) and to extend personalized treatment for optimum management of these patients.…”

Development of Prognostic Nomogram Based on Lipid Metabolic Markers and Lactate Dehydrogenase in Non-Metastatic Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

“…death during the whole treatment period of NPC. 8,28,29 It can reflect tumor load and serve as a biomarker to complement TNM staging and improve the prognosis of patients. 30,31 Similarly, our results supported the favorable effect of plasma EBV DNA in prediction.…”