The dynamics of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 2005 to 2012 in Shenzhen, China

Zhao, Jin; Chen, Lin; Chaillon, Antoine; Zheng, Chenli; Wen-de, Cai; Yang, Zhengrong; Li, Guilian; Gan, Yongxia; Wang, Xiaohui; Hu, Yihong; Zhong, Ping; Zhang, Chiyu; Smith, Davey M.

doi:10.1038/srep28703

Cited by 62 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Our evolutionary analyses, based on 209 partial pol gene sequences of HIV-1 CRF55_01B that included province of origin and year of sampling, confirmed that this subtype had spread widely within China ( Supplementary Table S1) 7,8,28 . Our estimates of the evolutionary rate for CRF55_01B was reassuringly consistent across different methods and models.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Tracing the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF55_01B

Zai

Liu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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To investigate the genetic diversity, spatiotemporal dynamics, and transmission networks of HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China. A total of 209 partial pol gene sequences of HIV-1 CRF55_01B were sampled during 2007-2015 from 7 provinces of China. Phylogenetic analyses and trait diffusion process of these sequences were performed using Bayesian methods. Distance-based molecular network analyses were performed to infer putative relationships. Characteristics of genetically linked individuals were analyzed. Our study identified that HIV-1 CRF55_01B likely originated among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangdong province in January 2003 (April 2000-April 2005), and that Guangdong province and MSM are major hubs for the spread of the HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China. A Bayesian Skygrid plot revealed that the effective population size of HIV-1 CRF55_01B experienced increased phase followed by a plateau. All sequences from persons of unknown risk clustered within groups who reported MSM risk. This could be because Chinese MSM may not report such risk due to HIV/AIDSrelated stigmatization and discrimination. This study inferred the transmission dynamics of the HIV-1 CRF55_01B epidemic in China at high resolution. The methods developed in this study may be critical for designing effective HIV prevention strategies in China and beyond.Taken together, our results shed light on the spatial and temporal origins of HIV-1 CRF55_01B, and its mode of spread across comparable geographic areas, and suggest that socio-cultural factors (e.g. HIV/AIDS-related stigmatization and discrimination) should attract enough attention in China and beyond. People's attitudes and practices concerning HIV/AIDS have an important influence on prevention and control HIV spread. Our results also emphasize the importance of using phylodynamic analyses and transmission networks to provide insights into the role of MSM in the spread of HIV in China. These efforts, combined with epidemiological investigation, are needed to track changes in HIV epidemics. Understanding these epidemic dynamics in real time is increasingly public health importance in terms of guiding prevention efforts.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 53%

Tracing the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF55_01B

Zai

Liu

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

Self Cite

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“…In this study, genetic distances ≤0.015 and ≤ 0.014 were set as cutoff values for CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC, respectively. The value is similar to the value always used for construction of the subtype B transmission network [28][29][30]. To date, very few studies have been performed on the CRF07_BC transmission network because very small genetic distances were always found between CRF07_BC strains from different individuals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

Genetic characterization of HIV-1 epidemic in Anhui Province, China

Zhang

Shen

et al. 2020

Virol J

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Background: Anhui Province in China is facing a severe HIV epidemic with an increasing number of newly diagnosed cases. Methods: In this study, HIV genetic characteristics in the province were investigated. Newly reported HIV-positive individuals from 15 districts of Anhui Province were enrolled and interviewed. Total viral RNA was extracted from plasma isolated from blood samples. We amplified and sequenced an HIV pol fragment of the 1062 bp. The sequences were used for determination of HIV subtypes and the presence of drug resistance mutations. Transmission networks were constructed to explore possible relationships. And all of assembled partial pol genes were submitted to the Stanford HIV Drug Resistance Database website to find the transmitted drug resistance. Results: Partial pol gene sequences were obtained from 486 cases. The results showed that MSM was the most dominant transmission route (253, 52.06%), followed by heterosexual transmission (210, 43.21%) and blood-borne transmission (1, 0.21%). Many subtypes were identified, including CRF01_AE (226, 46.50%), CRF07_BC (151, 31.07%), subtype B (28, 5.76%), CRF08_BC (20, 4.12%), CRF55_01B (15, 3.09%), CRF68_01B (7, 1.44%), CRF67_01B (3, 0.62%), CRF57_BC (2, 0.41%), CRF59_01B (2, 0.41%), CRF79_0107 (2, 0.41%), subtype C (2, 0.41%), CRF64_BC (1, 0.21%), and circulating recombinant forms (URFs) (27, 5.55%). Four transmission subnetworks containing high transmission risk individuals (with degree ≥4) were identified based on CRF01_AE and CRF07_BC sequences, including two CRF01_ AE transmission subnetworks constituted by elderly people with average ages of 67.9 and 61.5 years. Infection occurred most likely through heterosexual transmission, while the other two CRF07_BC transmission subnetworks consist mainly of MSMs with average ages of 31.73 and 34.15. The level of HIV-transmitted drug resistance is 3.09%. Conclusions: The simultaneous spread of multiple HIV subtypes in Anhui province underscores that close surveillance of the local HIV epidemic is necessary. Furthermore, the elderly people were frequently involved, arguing for behaviour intervention in this specific population besides the MSM risk group.

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“…In total, 1.2% of the samples were resistant to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), Phylogenetic analysis identified four recombinant subtypes CRF01_AE, CRF07_BC, CRF08_BC, CRF55_01B and two subtypes B, C. Chengdu is an area with predominance of CRF01_AE and CRF08_BC, indicating a distinct subtypic heterogeneity compared to what has been shown in other regions [20,21]. For instance, about half of the subtypes were identified as CRF08_BC (47.4%) among the recently infected population in Yunan [22] and CRF07_BC was the predominant strain in Xinjiang Province [23].…”

Section: Categories Of Antiretroviral Drugs and Susceptibility Of Drumentioning

confidence: 96%

Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance, Distribution of Subtypes and Drug resistance-associated mutations among Treatment-experienced Individuals in Chengdu, Southwest China, 2014-2016

Chen¹,

Y²,

S³

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background: The National Free Antiretroviral therapy (ART) Program in China has initiated to provide ART to HIV-1 patients, which may cause problems with drug resistance (DR). The number of HIV/AIDS patients in Chengdu ranks first in the national capital city. However, there is little data on the prevalence of HIV-1 DR in this region. Therefore, epidemiological surveillance was conducted on HIV-1 DR among patients receiving ART in Chengdu. Methods: From 2014 to 2016, HIV/AIDS patients (15 years and older) who had received first-line ART for at least six months were enrolled in this study. Demographic, behavioral information and medical history were recorded, and blood samples were collected for viral loads and immune cell count analyses. HIV-1 pol was amplified, sequenced, and analyzed for HIV-1 subtypes and drug resistance-associated mutations (DRMs). Results: A total of 13,782 individuals were enrolled and 653 cases were considered treatment failure after 6 months of ART. 481 (481/653) samples were amplified and sequenced successfully for subtypes and drug resistance analysis. Six subtypes were identified, among which CRF01_AE (54.3%) and CRF07_BC (41.6%) were the dominant subtypes, and CRF55_01B was detected in Chengdu for the first time. The overall prevalence of HIV-1 DR was 1.8%, with 1.2% to nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), 1.7% to non-NRTIs (NNRTIs) and 0.14% to protease inhibitors (PIs). The leading DRMs observed in the study were M184I/V (59.59%) against NRTIs and K103N (37.55%) against NNRTIs. Conclusions: This study focused on the HIV-1 molecular surveillance among treatment-experienced individuals in Chengdu. The overall prevalence of DR was relatively low among treated patients. These findings were believed to be contributed to an understanding of HIV-1 subtypes, DR prevalence and DRMs profiles in Chengdu, and thereby optimizing clinical management, prevention and control of HIV.

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The dynamics of the HIV epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) from 2005 to 2012 in Shenzhen, China

Cited by 62 publications

References 34 publications

Tracing the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF55_01B

Tracing the transmission dynamics of HIV-1 CRF55_01B

Genetic characterization of HIV-1 epidemic in Anhui Province, China

Prevalence of HIV-1 Drug Resistance, Distribution of Subtypes and Drug resistance-associated mutations among Treatment-experienced Individuals in Chengdu, Southwest China, 2014-2016

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