In the conditions of the modern economic development, its focus on sustainable development and environmental problems are of paramount importance. The directions of achieving environmental sustainability in Russia are supposed to be solved through the implementation of a set of measures outlined in the national project “Ecology”, which sets a number of targets and additional indicators that contribute to solving environmental problems. The article is devoted to the factors influencing the implementation of national projects and programs in the field of ecology in the Russian Federation. An analysis of the implementation of the “Ecology” project and the state program of the Russian Federation “Environmental Protection” as well as the study of Russian and foreign practices (experience of Singapore, Great Britain, Germany and other countries) regarding the monitoring the implementation of strategic documents, have helped to identify the relevant risks and to conduct their assessment, with the aim of increasing the effectiveness of financial control over the implementation of the national project. On the basis of the identified risks, the targets of the “Ecology” project were identified, which, in the opinion of the authors, requires its revision in order to be more effective. The results of the study may be interesting as relevant state bodies responsible for the implementation of the national project “Ecology”, in particular, the Ministry of Natural Resources and Ecology of the Russian Federation, as well as bodies which are monitoring its implementation, for example, the Accounts Chamber of the Russian Federation.
