The effect of abdominal obesity on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid and cytokine concentrations in African women

Crowther, Nigel J.; Ferris, William F.; Ojwang, P. J.; Rheeder, Paul

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2006.02505.x

Cited by 30 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 55 publications

(82 reference statements)

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“…The latter hypothesis is unlikely since it has been shown that waist circumference, independently of BMI, is a determinant of insulin sensitivity in this population group. 80 It is also possible that subcutaneous abdominal fat may play a more prominent role in determining whole-body insulin sensitivity in African than European females, as has been observed in a previous study. 79 Previous investigators have suggested that obesity in African subjects is benign.…”

Section: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease In Africamentioning

confidence: 49%

Once fat was fat and that was that : our changing perspectives on adipose tissue

Ferris

Crowther

2011

CardioVascular Journal of Africa

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Past civilisations saw excess body fat as a symbol of wealth and prosperity as the general population struggled with food shortages and famine. Nowadays it is recognised that obesity is associated with co-morbidities such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. Our views on the roll of adipose tissue have also changed, from being solely a passive energy store, to an important endocrine organ that modulates metabolism, immunity and satiety. The relationship between increased visceral adiposity and obesity-related co-morbidities has lead to the recognition that variation in fat distribution contributes to ethnic differences in the prevalence of obesity-related diseases. Our current negative view of adipose tissue may change with the use of pluripotent adipose-derived stromal cells, which may lead to future autologous stem cell therapies for bone, muscle, cardiac and cartilage disorders. Here, we briefly review the concepts that adipose tissue is an endocrine organ, that differences in body fat distribution underline the aetiology of obesity-related co-morbidities, and the use of adipose-derived stem cells for future therapies.

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Section: Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease In Africamentioning

confidence: 49%

Once fat was fat and that was that : our changing perspectives on adipose tissue

Ferris

Crowther

2011

CardioVascular Journal of Africa

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“…Similarly, Hung et al (19) showed an association between the serum IL-18 levels and the metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of 910 subjects aged 27-77 years (19). Other studies examining individual risk factors for CVD have also found associations between increasing circulating IL-18 levels and individual CVD risk factors such as central adiposity (43,44), hyperglycemia (45), and insulin resistance (43,46).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

The association of interleukin-18 genotype and serum levels with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Evans¹,

Collins²,

Jennings³

et al. 2007

European Journal of Endocrinology

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Objective: Circulating levels of interleukin (IL)-18 are associated with the metabolic syndrome and risk for the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study investigated the association between the circulating IL-18 levels and the K137 G/C polymorphism within the IL-18 gene with metabolic risk factors for CVD in normal-weight and obese black South African women. Methods: Blood pressure (BP), body composition (dual-energy X-ray absorptiometer), visceral adiposity (computerized tomography), as well as fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, IL-18 levels, and IL-18 genotype were measured in 104 normal-weight (body mass index (BMI) %25 kg/m 2 ) and 124 obese (BMIR30 kg/m 2 ) black South African women. Results: Subjects with a GC genotype (23%) had a greater mean arterial pressure (MAP, 90.6G11.1 vs 85.5G10.3 mmHg, P!0.001) than the subjects with the GG genotype. Serum IL-18 levels were not associated with IL-18 genotype (PZ0.985); however, they significantly correlated with percentage of body fat (rZ0.25, P!0.001), visceral adiposity (rZ0.32, P!0.001), MAP (rZ0.22, PZ0.001), HOMA-IR (rZ0.33, P!0.001), fasting insulin (rZ0.25, P!0.001), triglyceride (rZ0.16, P!0.05), and highdensity lipoprotein-cholesterol (rZK0.14, P!0.05) levels, after adjusting for age and body fatness. Conclusions: We show for the first time that the GC genotype of the IL-18 K137 G/C polymorphism and the circulating IL-18 levels are independently associated with raised BP. Moreover, fasting IL-18 levels are associated with the other metabolic risk factors for CVD in normal-weight and obese black South African women.European Journal of Endocrinology 157 633-640

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“…Abdominal obesity could contribute to this association. Several studies reported an inverse association between waist-to-hip ratio and plasma HDL cholesterol (34,35). Additional adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio attenuated the associations between television viewing and low HDL cholesterol, but it remained significant (P ϭ 0.04).…”

Section: -Television Viewing and Relative Likelihood (Ors And 95% Ci)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Television Viewing Is Associated With Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Hispanic Elders

2007

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OBJECTIVE -We examined associations between television viewing and prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among a representative sample of Caribbean-origin Hispanic elders living in Massachusetts.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of 350 Puerto Rican and 105 Dominican elders (Ն60 years). Information on television viewing hours was collected by a questionnaire. The metabolic syndrome was defined by using the definition from the National Cholesterol Education Program.RESULTS -Prevalences for the metabolic syndrome were 50.1 and 56.9% among Puerto Ricans and Dominicans, respectively. Of the subjects, 82.6% had high blood pressure and 61.4% had high fasting glucose. Prevalence of the syndrome was significantly associated with television viewing. Each additional hour of television viewing was associated with a 19% greater likelihood of having the metabolic syndrome (odds ratio [OR] 1.19, 95% CI 1.1-1.3, P for trend 0.002), after adjusting for age, sex, ethnicity, BMI, education, alcohol use, smoking, household arrangement, physical activity, intake of energy and fat, and activities-of-daily-living score. We did not observe significant interactions of television viewing with sex, smoking status, alcohol use, or BMI (P for interaction Ͼ0.15 for all) in relation to presence of the metabolic syndrome.CONCLUSIONS -A high prevalence of the metabolic syndrome in a representative sample of Caribbean-origin Hispanic elders was associated with prolonged television viewing, independent of physical activity and energy intake. Longitudinal studies are needed to clarify the causality of this relationship. Diabetes Care 30:694 -700, 2007

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The effect of abdominal obesity on insulin sensitivity and serum lipid and cytokine concentrations in African women

Cited by 30 publications

References 55 publications

Once fat was fat and that was that : our changing perspectives on adipose tissue

Once fat was fat and that was that : our changing perspectives on adipose tissue

The association of interleukin-18 genotype and serum levels with metabolic risk factors for cardiovascular disease

Television Viewing Is Associated With Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome in Hispanic Elders

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