The Effect of ACE I/D Polymorphisms Alone and With Concomitant Risk Factors on Coronary Artery Disease

Amara, Ahmed; Mrad, Meriem; Sayeh, Aicha; Lahideb, Dhaker; Layouni, S.; Haggui, Abdeddayem; Fekih-Mrissa, Najiba; Haouala, Habib; Nsiri, Brahim

doi:10.1177/1076029616679505

Cited by 32 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…Previous studies have shown that ACE DD had close association with a high incidence of cardiovascular disease or endothelial dysfunction (Alvarez et al, 2001;Brand and van der Schouw, 2010;Kuzubova et al, 2013;Al-Hazzani et al, 2014;Amara et al, 2018). In the present study, only the result of pre-menopause group was consistent with previous studies, i.e., women of ACE DD had lower FMD than women of ACE DI/II, and in post-menopause group, women of the two ACE genotypes did not present significant difference in FMD.…”

Section: Ace D/i Polymorphism In Relation To Fmd Aging and Menopaussupporting

confidence: 90%

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene D/I Polymorphism in Relation to Endothelial Function and Endothelial-Released Factors in Chinese Women

Zhao

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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Many studies have investigated the relationship between angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) D/I polymorphism and cardiovascular disease or endothelial dysfunction; however, hardly any of these studies has taken aging or menopause into consideration. Furthermore, despite that many studies have examined the regulatory effects of endothelial-released factors (ERFs) on endothelial function, no study has evaluated the relationship between ERFs and endothelial function with respect to ACE D/I polymorphism and menopause status. To answer these questions, 391 healthy Chinese women over a wide range of ages (22-75 years) were enrolled and divided into premenopause group and post-menopause group. After ACE D/I genotype being identified, the women were then classified into either DI/II or DD genotype. Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) of brachial endothelium and plasma levels of ERFs: nitric oxide (NO), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and angiotensin II (Ang II) were measured. The results showed that frequencies of ACE D/I genotypes were in accordance with the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium, and the frequency of I allele was higher than D allele. In pre-menopause group, FMD was significantly higher in women of DI/II than DD (P = 0.032), and agedependent in both genotypes (DD, P = 0.0472; DI/II, P < 0.0001). In post-menopause group, FMD was similar between women of DI/II and DD, and age-dependent only in women of DI/II (P < 0.0001). In pre-menopause group, Ang II level was significantly higher in women of DD than DI/II (P = 0.029), and FMD was significantly correlated with all ERFs in women of DD (NO, P = 0.032; ET-1, P = 0.017; Ang II, P = 0.002), but only with Ang II in women of DI/II (P = 0.026). In post-menopause group, no significant difference was observed in any ERF between women of DI/II and DD, and FMD was only significantly correlated with ET-1 in women of DD (P = 0.010). In summary, FMD in women of DI/II was superior to DD in pre-menopause and more age-dependent than DD in post-menopause, and FMD was closely associated with ERFs. In conclusion, Chinese women of DI/II seem to have lower risk than DD in pre-menopause, but similar risk as DD in post-menopause in developing cardiovascular disease.

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Section: Ace D/i Polymorphism In Relation To Fmd Aging and Menopaussupporting

confidence: 90%

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene D/I Polymorphism in Relation to Endothelial Function and Endothelial-Released Factors in Chinese Women

Zhao

et al. 2020

Front. Physiol.

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“…Mortality related to SARS-CoV-2 infections has been linked to various comorbid conditions such as hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, coronary artery disease, and renal disease [19] . High producer of ACE, the DD genotype has been associated with susceptibility to hypertension [20] , type 2 diabetes [21] , coronary artery disease [22] and hyperlipidemia [22] indicating a possible role of ACE I/D polymorphism with SARS-CoV-2 related mortality.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ACE deletion allele is associated with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality rate: An epidemiological study in the Asian population

Pati¹,

Mahto

Padhi³

et al. 2020

Clinica Chimica Acta

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“…Besides that, in a recently published study by the author (Falahati and Arazi, 2019), I/D genotype was associated neither with VO 2max nor with RHR and blood pressure. In contrast, in some other studies, patients with the DD genotype compared with the ID/II groups had higher (P < 0.05) NT-proBNP (Palmer et al, 2003) and a greater risk of coronary artery disease (Amara et al, 2018). The underlying reasons for the observed disagreements may be ethnic as well as geographic differences (Nakhjavani et al, 2007), using individuals with mixed heritage and none of Asian ethnicity (Albuquerque et al, 2014), choosing cardiac patients (Palmer et al, 2003), and age and sex difference.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 86%

Acute Responses of Cardiac Biomarkers to Intermittent and Continuous Exercise Are Related to Age Difference but Not I/D Polymorphism in the ACE Gene

2020

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The purpose of this study was to determine the (i) cardiac biomarker (cTnI and NT-proBNP) responses to moderate-intensity continuous exercise (MICE) and highintensity interval exercise (HIIE) in the middle-aged and young groups, (ii) relationship of post-exercise cardiac biomarker release between these two age groups, and (iii) investigate whether insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene is associated with predisposition to cardiac damage after exercise in Iranian men. Methods: We examined cTnI and NT-proBNP in 29 middle-aged (54.5 ± 4.6 years) and 28 young (22.7 ± 4.2 years) soccer players before and after HIIE and MICE running tests. Results: The middle-aged soccer players had higher baseline cTnI (0.015 ± 0.007 ng/ml vs. 0.010 ± 0.006 ng/ml; P = 0.01) and NT-proBNP (30.7 ± 13.6 ng/L vs. 18.4 ± 8.3 ng/L; P < 0.001) values compared with the young group. The changes with exercise (cTnI: 13 vs. 11 ng/ml and NT-proBNP: 18 vs. 11 ng/L) were also higher in the middle-aged group. No subject exceeded the upper reference limit for cTnI and NT-proBNP. Considering three ACE genotypes, the mean cTnI and NT-proBNP values of middle-aged and young groups did not show any significant difference. Conclusion: Marked differences in baseline and post-exercise cTnI and NT-proBNP values were observed, which were related to age differences but not to ACE genotypes.

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The Effect of ACE I/D Polymorphisms Alone and With Concomitant Risk Factors on Coronary Artery Disease

Abstract: The ACE D allele may be predictive in individuals who may be at risk of developing CAD. Further investigations of these polymorphisms and their possible synergisms with traditional risk factors for CAD could help to ascertain better predictability for CAD susceptibility.

Cited by 32 publications

References 47 publications

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene D/I Polymorphism in Relation to Endothelial Function and Endothelial-Released Factors in Chinese Women

Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Gene D/I Polymorphism in Relation to Endothelial Function and Endothelial-Released Factors in Chinese Women

ACE deletion allele is associated with susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection and mortality rate: An epidemiological study in the Asian population

Acute Responses of Cardiac Biomarkers to Intermittent and Continuous Exercise Are Related to Age Difference but Not I/D Polymorphism in the ACE Gene

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