The Effect of Aureomycin Supplementation on Growth and Feed Utilization of Young Dairy Calves

Murley, W. Ray; Jacobson, N. L.; Allen, Richard D.

doi:10.3168/jds.s0022-0302(52)93766-1

Cited by 32 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…These studies consistently showed improved growth and feed efficiency, reduced incidence of scours, and improved health when Aureomycin was included in calf diets. However, as pointed out by Murley et al (1952), "Although the incidence of diarrhea was slightly lower among Aureomycin-fed calves, the comparatively infrequent occurrence of this disorder in all groups indicates that diminished scouring is not the sole cause of the improved growth resulting from feeding of the antibiotic. Moreover, whether the improved general appearance and condition of hair coat readily apparent among Aureomycin-fed calves was due to increased feed intake and reduced scouring or to other factors is not clear.…”

Section: Antibiotic Feedingmentioning

confidence: 87%

A 100-Year Review: Calf nutrition and management

Kertz¹,

Hill²,

Quigley³

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

139

109

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The first calf paper, published in the May 1919 issue of the Journal of Dairy Science (JDS), described factors affecting birth body weight of different breeds of calves. Other studies were done on nonmilk ingredients, growth charts were developed, and early weaning was followed to conserve milk fed to calves. Calf papers did not report use of statistics to control or record variation or to determine whether treatment means were different. Many experiments were more observational than comparative. Typically fewer than 5 calves, and sometimes 1 or 2 calves, were used per treatment. During the next 20 yr, calf studies increased and included colostrum feeding, milk and milk replacer feeding, minerals and vitamins, and fats and oils. Many concepts fundamental to current knowledge and understanding of digestion, rumen development, and milk replacer formulation were developed during this period. In addition, the concept of using antibiotic growth promoters in dairy calf diets was first evaluated and developed during the 1950s. During the 20-yr period of January 1957 through December 1976, a large number of universities in the United States and 1 in Canada contributed almost 150 papers on a variety of calf-related topics. These topics included genetics, physiology of the calf, review of calf immunity, antibiotic feeding, and milk replacer ingredients. This became the golden era of calf rumen development studies, which also engendered studies of calf starter rations and ingredients. A classic review of management, feeding, and housing studies summarized research related to calf feeding and management systems up to that point with an emphasis on maintaining calf growth and health while reducing labor and feed costs. It was also during this period that metric measurements replaced English units. In the 20-yr period from 1977 to 1996, more than 400 articles on calf nutrition and management were published in JDS. With the growing research interest in calves, a paper outlining standardized procedures for conducting and reporting data from calf experiments was first published. A very active area of calf nutrition research from the late 1970s to the mid 1980s was colostrum quality, feeding, and preservation; more than 60 such research articles were published in the journal during this time. Various nonmilk protein sources were evaluated. Extensive studies were done evaluating trace and major mineral requirements in calves along with some vitamin studies. Throughout the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, the primary objective of most calf research was how to wean healthy, adequately grown calves at an early age-generally less than 30 d of age. This program was reviewed in a 1979 publication. Research on calf starter ingredients, nutrient composition, and additives was minimal in the 1980s and 1990s given the importance of starter intake to the success of early weaning, but the role of water intake in starter intake and growth was established. Research on issues with calves continued to increase during the last 20-yr period as evidenced by ...

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Section: Antibiotic Feedingmentioning

confidence: 87%

A 100-Year Review: Calf nutrition and management

Kertz¹,

Hill²,

Quigley³

et al. 2017

Journal of Dairy Science

139

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Puls et al (38) found that feeding tiamulin in combination with chlortetracycline successfully controls respiratory and enteric diseases and, consequently, improves growth performance and carcass weight of grow-finish pigs. For ruminants, Murley et al (39) found that after adding chlortetracycline to whole milk, the incidence of calf diarrhea decreased from 5.1 to 2.4%; after adding chlortetracycline to skimmed milk, the incidence of diarrhea decreased from 17.1 to 12.9%. Loosli and Wallace (40) found that adding crystalline chlortetracycline to the diet could significantly reduce the incidence and severity of diarrhea in calves.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Chlortetracycline Rumen-Protected Granules on Rumen Microorganisms and Its Diarrhea Therapeutic Effect

Liu

et al. 2022

Front. Vet. Sci.

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Chlortetracycline is a broad-spectrum antibiotic used as an oral medication in ruminants. However, this antibiotic affects the rumen microbial population, thereby upsetting the normal microbiota of ruminants. This study determined whether our newly developed chlortetracycline rumen-protected granules are relatively harmless to rumen microorganisms while effective against lamb E. coli diarrhea. We used a qPCR assay to quantify selected rumen microorganisms from lambs treated with or without oral chlortetracycline. We also assessed bacterial diversity in the rumen by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Lambs were divided into three groups: one group given with oral chlortetracycline granules for 7 days; one group with chlortetracycline premix; and one without treatment. Rumen fluid was collected on 0 d, 7 d, and 14 d of the experiment. In the therapeutic effect trial, cases of naturally E. coli-infected lamb with diarrhea were selected and divided into low, medium, and high dose groups of granules, premix, infection control, and healthy control groups. Treatments were continuously administered for 7 days, and animals were observed for 14 days after drug withdrawal to score and evaluate the treatment effect. Results of qPCR and 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed that the granules could diminish the impact of chlortetracycline on rumen microorganisms compared with the premix. The diarrhea therapeutic effect trial showed that the oral administration of the chlortetracycline rumen-protected granules at the dose of 30 mg/kg·bw/d for 7 days could effectively treat lamb diarrhea caused by E. coli. In conclusion, we provide a new drug preparation of chlortetracycline that can diminish the effect on the rumen microbiota while treating diarrhea caused by E. coli.

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“…All the animals receiving them died. Murley, Jacobson & Allen (313) found that in young dairy calves both whole mJk and reconstituted skim milk gave greater live-weight gains when aureomycin was fed as well. This mixture was adequate provided streptomycin was given also.…”

Section: Movements Of Food In the Alimentary Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section A. Physiology of dairy cattle: Part II. Physiology and Biochemistry of Rumination

Owen

1954

Journal of Dairy Research

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Since the time of the previous review in this series by the present author it has been increasingly realized that the ruminant's adaptation to its herbivorous diet is very far-reaching. The biochemical consequences of its need for coarse roughage are still being worked out and have necessitated a reassessment of the causes of bovine ketosis, of the function of lower fatty acids in its blood and of the reasons for its large requirement of cobalt. Recent work on all these three aspects of ruminant metabolism is discussed in this review. The cow's chief function is to convert into milk vegetable materials, many of which are unsuitable for human consumption. Ac-, cordingly, some of the nutritional aspects of this conversion process have been discussed in the review. The literature on the subject has been reasonably well listed, but the author cannot claim that he has not perhaps inadvertently omitted certain pertinent new work. GENERAL Sherwood & Jones(l) found that alfalfa hay plus a mixture of wheat, barley and oats gave 20% more milk than the hay alone. Milk yield was also enhanced by adding the succulents squash and Jerusalem artichoke to the hay diet. Groups of cows receiving the concentrates needed 5-6 lb. more total digestible nutrients to produce 100 lb. milk, and the authors conclude that feeding of succulents is profitable only if they produce nutrients as cheaply as does hay. Watson, Davidson, Kennedy & Sylvestre(2) compared the digestibility of rations of hay plus increasing amounts of oats. As oats increased the digestibility decreased. This effect was most marked with barley, not so marked with oats and was only slight with linseed oil meal. Feeding standards are still the subject of informed criticism in Europe(3,4,5). Nehring(3) concludes that Kellner's starch equivalents cannot be used for pigs without prior respiration calorimetry. Blaxter(4) finds large discrepancies between different methods of computing rations for livestock, and Nicholls(5) enters a plea for food recording as a complement to milk recording. The trouble with all attempts to define standards for grazing animals is the extreme variability from year to year, from field to field, from treatment to treatment and from animal to animal of the nutrients provided by grass and hay or silage. Much current research all over the world is designed to measure more accurately the nutrient intake of cattle and sheep from pasture, with a view to striking a better balance between protein and fibre in the diet, always remembering that the content of fibre biologically best for maximal production per cow may not necessarily give the maximal production per acre. This may come from more cows per acre at somewhat more fibre per cow than would give maximal production per cow. In this connexion the observations of Hancock (6) are pertinent. He points out that the maximum production per animal does not necessarily yield the greatest net returns. In practice this can be achieved by a number of cows per acre too high for maximum productivity per cow or fo...

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The Effect of Aureomycin Supplementation on Growth and Feed Utilization of Young Dairy Calves

Cited by 32 publications

References 11 publications

A 100-Year Review: Calf nutrition and management

A 100-Year Review: Calf nutrition and management

Effects of Chlortetracycline Rumen-Protected Granules on Rumen Microorganisms and Its Diarrhea Therapeutic Effect

Section A. Physiology of dairy cattle: Part II. Physiology and Biochemistry of Rumination

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