The Effect of Continuous Elastic Outside Distraction on the Expressions of Vascular Endothelial Cell Growth Factor and Microvessel Density in Female Porcine Nipple

Abstract

Continuous elastic distraction can promote the expression of some growth factors in nipples.

An Adjustable-Traction Technique for Correction of Inverted Nipples

“…Traction and expander techniques can promote tissue regeneration, and the longer the treatment duration, the more tissue will be obtained, thus over correction can prevent recurrence. In an animal study, Zhou et al 14 reported that continuous elastic distraction can increase tissue development by promoting the expression of vascular endothelial cell growth factor and the microvessel density in nipples. Traction can also elongate the contraction fibrous tissue and lactiferous ducts, and without the scar contracture accompanied by traditional surgical technique, thus the recurrence is lower.…”