The Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates, Sowing Density, and Plant Growth Regulator Application on the Quality and Milling Value of Triticum durum Desf. Grain

Bożek, Kamila Sabina; Żuk‐Gołaszewska, Krystyna; Bojarczuk, J.; Gołaszewski, Janusz

doi:10.3390/agronomy12071622

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…It was found that the hole sowing treatment increased the flag leaf area of wheat, the nitrogen application increased the dry matter quality of the above-ground part of the hole sowing treatment, and the actual yield of the hole sowing treatment was the highest. However, most of the field experiments on wheat sowing density and nitrogen topdressing in the past were carried out by drilling technology and the influence of the hole sowing cultivation method was not explored [34][35][36][37]. Under the conditions of this experiment, the density had a very significant effect on the number of effective spikes and yield.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Effects of Different Sowing Density and Nitrogen Topdressing on Wheat Were Investigated under the Cultivation Mode of Hole Sowing

Sun

Yang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Hole sowing is a new and efficient cultivation method with few studies. This study investigated the effects of different sowing densities and nitrogen topdressing at the jointing stage on dry matter, quality, and yield under wheat hole sowing to provide a theoretical basis for integrating wheat fertilizer and density-supporting technology. In this study, a two-factor split-plot design was used. The sowing density was the main plot, and four levels were set: D1, D2, D3, and D4 (238, 327, 386, and 386 suitable seeds·m−2). The four sowing levels were sown according to 8 grains/hole, 11 grains/hole, 13 grains/hole, and 16 grains/hole, respectively, with a row spacing of 25 cm and a hole spacing of 13.5 cm; the amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied at the jointing stage was the sub-area, with four levels: N1, N2, N3, and N4 (0, 60, 120, and 180 kg·ha−1). After two years of experimental research, the following main conclusions are drawn: the use of high sowing density and nitrogen topdressing is helpful to improve the dry matter quality of wheat spikes at the maturing stage; the sowing density had significant or highly significant effects on protein content, starch content, and sedimentation value. The yield from 2018–2019 reached a maximum of 8448.67 kg·ha−1 under D4N4 treatment, and the yield from 2019–2020 reached a maximum of 10,136.40 kg·ha−1 under D4N3 treatment. Therefore, the combination of 225 kg·ha−1 sowing density and 120–180 kg·ha−1 nitrogen topdressing at the jointing stage can be used in field production, which can help improve wheat production potential. Similarly, understanding the interaction between wheat hole sowing and different sowing densities and nitrogen topdressing amounts provides a practical reference for high-yield wheat cultivation techniques.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

The Effects of Different Sowing Density and Nitrogen Topdressing on Wheat Were Investigated under the Cultivation Mode of Hole Sowing

Sun

Yang

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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“…In turn, Forster et al [142] reported that neither sowing date nor sowing density affected the vitreousness of durum wheat grain. In the work of Bo żek et al [161] and Karabínová et al [162], the vitreousness of durum wheat and common wheat grain, respectively, was not significantly influenced by sowing density, either. In the current study, an increase in sowing density from 200 to 400 live grains m −2 decreased grain vitreousness by 1.4%p.…”

Section: Milling Qualitymentioning

confidence: 95%

The Quality of Winter Wheat Grain by Different Sowing Strategies and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates: A Case Study in Northeastern Poland

Lachutta,

Jankowski

2024

Agriculture

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The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of different sowing strategies and spring nitrogen (N) fertilizer rates on the technological quality of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain in terms of its milling quality, protein complex quality, and enzyme activity (falling number). Winter wheat grain for laboratory analyses was produced in a small-area field experiment conducted between 2018 and 2021 in the AES in Bałcyny (53°35′46.4″ N, 19°51′19.5″ E, NE Poland). The experimental variables were (i) sowing date (early: 6 September 2018, 5 September 2019, and 3 September 2020; delayed by 14 days: 17–20 September; and delayed by 28 days: 1–4 October), (ii) sowing density (200, 300, and 400 live grains m−2), and (iii) split application of N fertilizer in spring (40 + 100, 70 + 70, and 100 + 40 kg ha−1) at BBCH stages 22–25 and 30–31, respectively. A sowing delay of 14 and 28 days increased the bulk density (by 1 and 1.5 percent points (%p), respectively), vitreousness (by 3 and 6%p, respectively), and total protein content of grain (by 1% an 2%, respectively). A sowing delay of 14 days increased grain hardness (by 5%), the flour extraction rate (by 1.4%p), and the falling number (by 3%) while also decreasing grain uniformity (by 1.9%p). In turn, a sowing delay of 28 days increased the wet gluten content of grain (+0.5–0.6%p) and improved the quality of the protein complex in the Zeleny sedimentation test (+1.5%). An increase in sowing density from 200 to 300 live grains m−2 led to a decrease in grain uniformity (by 2.6%p), the total protein content (by 1.5%), and the wet gluten content of grain (by 0.7%p). A further increase in sowing density decreased grain vitreousness (by 1.4%p). The grain of winter wheat fertilized with 40 and 100 kg N ha−1 in BBCH stages 22–25 and 30–31, respectively, was characterized by the highest hardness (64.7), vitreousness (93%), flour extraction rate (73.9%), total protein content (134 g kg−1 DM), wet gluten content (36%), and Zeleny sedimentation index (69 mL).

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“…Therefore, rational fertilization is helpful to improve plant growth and development and enhance plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses [26,27]. Studies on the effects of nitrogen forms on plant roots mainly focus on herbs, crops, and fruit trees [28,29], and few studies have been conducted on conifer species. At present, the application rules of Pinus tabuliformis in China are mainly based on the seedling stage and mainly on the study of fertilization methods and fertilizer types.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Root Morphology and Nitrogen Accumulation in Pinus tabuliformis carr. Seedlings under Exponential Fertilization

Liu,

Li,

et al. 2024

Forests

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In this study, the effects of different fertilization methods and nitrogen forms on the root morphology and nitrogen accumulation of Pinus tabuliformis carr. were investigated, and the interaction mechanism between roots and nitrogen fertilizer was analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the rational fertilization of Pinus tabuliformis. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to seedlings was 100 mg·plant−1; four nitrogen form treatments of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrate 1:1, and amide nitrogen were set up; and two fertilization methods of conventional and exponential fertilization were applied, with a total of eight experimental treatments. By measuring root parameters, plant biomass, and nitrogen accumulation, the correlation between fertilization method and nitrogen form on the root index of seedlings was analyzed, and the effects of fertilization methods and nitrogen forms on the root growth of seedlings were discussed. Compared with conventional fertilization, exponential fertilization significantly promoted root growth and development, and amide nitrogen was the best nitrogen form. The total length, total surface area, total volume, average diameter, root tips, root/shoot ratio, root tissue density of seedlings’ roots, biomass, and nitrogen accumulation of seedlings in exponential fertilization with amide nitrogen EF3 treatment all increased substantially compared with the others, The effects of fertilization mode, nitrogen form, and their interaction on the partial growth of Pinus tabuliformis seedlings were significant (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis of each index showed that the correlation between nitrogen accumulation and biomass was strongest. Therefore, considering the morphological and structural characteristics of the root system and the nitrogen accumulation in the root system, amide nitrogen in the experimental fertilization can better promote the growth and development of the root system of seedlings.

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The Effect of Different Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates, Sowing Density, and Plant Growth Regulator Application on the Quality and Milling Value of Triticum durum Desf. Grain

Cited by 5 publications

References 37 publications

The Effects of Different Sowing Density and Nitrogen Topdressing on Wheat Were Investigated under the Cultivation Mode of Hole Sowing

The Effects of Different Sowing Density and Nitrogen Topdressing on Wheat Were Investigated under the Cultivation Mode of Hole Sowing

The Quality of Winter Wheat Grain by Different Sowing Strategies and Nitrogen Fertilizer Rates: A Case Study in Northeastern Poland

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Root Morphology and Nitrogen Accumulation in Pinus tabuliformis carr. Seedlings under Exponential Fertilization

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