The Effect of Different Substrates on the Morphological Features and Polyols Production of Endomyces magnusii Yeast during Long-Lasting Cultivation

Abstract

The study on the influence of different glucose concentrations (2%, 0.5%, and 0.2%) and glycerol (1%) on the morphological and physiological features, as well as the composition of soluble carbohydrates, was performed using Endomyces magnusii yeast. Two-factor analysis of variance with repetitions to process the data of the cell size changes showed that the substrate type affected cell size the most. The cells with 2% glucose were 30–35% larger than those growing on glycerol. The decrease in the initial glucose concentration up to 0.5–0.2% slightly changed the cell length. However, even in the logarithmic growth phase pseudo-mycelium of two to four cells appeared in the cultures when using low glucose, unlike those using glycerol. Throughout the whole experiment, more than 90% of the populations remained viable on all of the substrates tested. The ability for colony formation decreased during aging. Nevertheless, at the three-week stage, upon substrate restriction (0.2% glucose), it was twice higher than those under the other conditions. The respiration rate also decreased and exceeded not more than 10% of that in the logarithmic phase. By the end of the experiment, the cyanide-sensitive respiration share decreased up to 40% for all types of substrates. The study of soluble cytosol carbohydrates showed that the cultures using 2% glucose and 1% glycerol contained mainly arabitol and mannitol, while at low glucose concentrations they were substituted for inositol. The formation of inositol is supposed to be related to pseudo-mycelium formation. The role of calorie restriction in the regulation of carbohydrate synthesis and the composition in the yeast and its biotechnological application is under consideration.

The Lipid Profile of the Endomyces magnusii Yeast upon the Assimilation of the Substrates of Different Types and upon Calorie Restriction

“…The study of the soluble cytosol carbohydrates profile of the E. magnusii yeast upon CR showed that cultures using 2% glucose and 1% glycerol contained mainly arabitol and mannitol. However, at low glucose concentrations they were substituted by inositol [10].…”

“…The composition of soluble cytosol carbohydrates in the yeast may include glucose and fructose, as well as polyols, namely arabitol, mannitol, trehalose, inositol, glycerol [10], accumulated in the cell vacuoles (Figure 1D,E). All this makes E. magnusii an attractive object for biotechnology, however, the data on this yeast application in biotechnological processes are quite limited.…”

Potential Capacity of Candida wangnamkhiaoensis to Produce Oleic Acid

“…The pseudomycelium that is characteristic of this species (described by Limtong [19]) can be observed with glucose (Figure 1a) but not with glycerol (Figure 2a) as the substrate. There are yeasts that form pseudohyphae when cultivated with some substrates [30] and stress factors, the la er of which include a scarcity of the source of carbon or nitrogen, the presence of certain alcohols, osmotic shock, oxidative stress, and environmental extremes (e.g., in relation to pH and/or temperature) [31]. Although it is not known why CW presently exhibit pseudomycelium growth when cultivated in glucose and unicellular growth in glycerol, these results are in agreement with those reported for Yarrowia lipolytica, a yeast with biotechnological potential.…”

Production of Methanol Tolerant Cell-bound Lipase of Magnusiomyces spicifer SPB2 and Application as Whole-cell Biocatalyst in Transesterification Reaction

“…Yeasts are eukaryotic organisms that differ in size and shape depending on growth nutrients and environments [27]. The cell size or morphology of Endomyces magnusii [28], Candida utilis ATCC 9950, and Saccharomyces cerevisiae [29] varied when yeast cells were cultivated in the presence of different types and concentrations of substrates. In this study, the correlation between the yeast morphology of M. spicifer SPB2 and its CBL transesterification activity was observed.…”