The effect of diffusion and bulk gas flow on the thermal oxidation of nuclear graphite-I. Temperatures below 500°C

Practical aspects for characterizing air oxidation of graphite

“…It is largely assumed that the linearity of Arrhenius plots indicates that oxidation has a unique mechanism [30]; for graphite materials, oxidation in the range of temperatures where the Arrhenius plot is linear is assumed to occur in the kinetic regime 1 (uniformly throughout the volume). In order to verify that assumption, the radial density of several graphite samples (small grained R4-650 material) was measured after oxidation at four temperatures between 600 and 750°C.…”

Note on Graphite Oxidation by Oxygen and Moisture

“…O 2 concentrations ranged from 2.5 -20.8%. The graphite sample geometry and apparatus were the same as for Hawtin, et al (1964). m values were measured up to 20% burnoff.…”

“…A summary isd shown in Table 2. Hawtin et al (1964), using a unique method, measured permeability and D eff in an oxidizing graphite cylinder, 4.3-cm thick x 30-cm long. Air was the oxidizing gas at test temperatures of 435 -485°C.…”

In-Pile Corrosion of Grade H-451 Graphite by Steam

“…7 The void fraction is given in terms of b according to e = e 0 + ô(l-e 0 ). The burnoff dependence of φ is modeled according to φ = ε 3 , which provides a satisfactory empirical fit to measurements of φ as a function of burnoff.…”