The research problem represents the fact that knowledge management is not a term that is often mentioned in the domestic economy and it can be said that it is still an underdeveloped area. The aim of this paper is to examine the level of efficiency of knowledge management and its impact on the financial performance of companies in the territory of Vojvodina. The survey included 126 employees in production and service companies. The independent variable is represented by an instrument for examining the level of implementation of knowledge management through nine dimensions, and the dependent variable is represented through the dimension of financial performance, which consists of seven items. The results show that the level of implementation of knowledge management is above average. A significant positive influence and connection between knowledge management and the financial performance of companies was also determined, especially when it comes to organizational culture, employees, knowledge acquisition process, knowledge conversion process, knowledge protection process, and competitive advantage. One of the key guidelines for further research refers to the integration of knowledge management with the specific characteristics of the domestic business environment. It is recommended to repeat the analysis of the impact of knowledge management on the financial performance of domestic companies in the established time frame and in the stipulated organizational conditions.