The Effect of Handcycle Ergometer Exercise on Glucose Tolerance in Ambulatory and Non-Ambulatory Adolescents

Short, Kevin R.; Teague, April M.; Klein, Jake C.; Malm‐Buatsi, Elizabeth; Frimberger, Dominic

doi:10.1123/pes.2016-0047

Cited by 5 publications

(10 citation statements)

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“…In the first protocol, there were 12 participants classified as healthy and normal weight (NW), 10 classified as obese with normal glucose tolerance (Ob), and 12 classified as obese with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) . From the second protocol, we used data and samples from 10 of the 11 healthy control participants, all of whom were classified as healthy and normal weight . For the current analyses we excluded one control participant from the second study who was classified as overweight, as well as the nonambulatory participants.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Height and body mass were measured on a calibrated stadiometer and balance, respectively. Total body and regional fat and lean tissue masses were measured using dual energy X‐ray absorptiometry (GE/Lunar iDXA, GE‐Healthcare, Fairfield, Connecticut) . Blood pressure was measured while seated, following a 5‐minute rest, using an appropriately sized arm cuff.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Continuous measurements of expired gases were performed with a facemask and metabolic measurement system (TrueOne 2400; ParvoMedics, Sandy, Utah) and heart rate was measured with a chest‐strap monitor (Polar Electro USA, Lake Success, New York) . Participants in the second protocol completed a similar test on an upper body ergometer but the different mode of exercise prevented pooling those results for the current analysis …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We measured spexin in adolescents, 13 to 21 years old, who completed two separate protocols in our laboratory, the details of which have been recently published. 12,13 In the first protocol, there were 12 participants classified as healthy and normal weight (NW), 10 classified as obese with normal glucose tolerance (Ob), and 12 classified as obese with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). 12 From the second protocol, we used data and samples from 10 of the 11 healthy control participants, all of whom were classified as healthy and normal weight.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…12 From the second protocol, we used data and samples from 10 of the 11 healthy control participants, all of whom were classified as healthy and normal weight. 13 For the current analyses we excluded one control participant from the second study who was classified as overweight, as well as the nonambulatory participants. Both protocols were conducted at approximately the same time using common methods, so the results for the two NW groups were combined for the current analyses.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and glucose ingestion on circulating spexin concentration in adolescents

et al. 2017

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Spexin is a novel peptide that has been reported to be down regulated in obese adults and children and in normoglycemic adults following glucose ingestion. Spexin may therefore have a role in metabolic regulation. The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of obesity and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), and the effect of glucose ingestion on circulating spexin concentration in adolescents. Boys and girls (mean age 16 years old) classified as healthy normal weight (NW, n = 22), obese (Ob, n = 10), or obese with T2DM (n = 12) completed measurements of body composition, blood pressure, cardiorespiratory fitness, and blood concentrations of glucose, insulin, and lipids. The median fasting serum spexin concentration did not differ between groups (NW: 0.35; Ob: 0.38, T2DM: 0.34 ng/mL, respectively). In 10 NW participants who completed a standard oral glucose tolerance test, spexin concentration was unchanged at 30 and 120 minutes relative to the fasting baseline. Finally, spexin was not significantly correlated with any of the body composition, fitness, or blood biochemical measurements. These data do not support the proposed role of spexin as a metabolic regulator or biomarker of glucose control in adolescents.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and glucose ingestion on circulating spexin concentration in adolescents

et al. 2017

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Biophysical aspects of handcycling performance in rehabilitation, daily life and recreational sports; a narrative review

Kraaijenbrink

Vegter

Groot

et al. 2020

Disability and Rehabilitation

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Aim: In this narrative review the potential and importance of handcycling are evaluated. Four conceptual models form the framework for this review; (1) the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health; (2) the Stress-Strain-Capacity model; (3) the Human-Activity-Assistive Technology model; and(4) the power balance model for cyclic exercise. Methods: Based on international handcycle experience in (scientific) research and practice, evidencebased benefits of handcycling and optimization of handcycle settings are presented and discussed for rehabilitation, daily life and recreational sports. Results: As the load can be distributed over the full 360 cycle in handcycling, peak stresses in the shoulder joint and upper body muscles reduce. Moreover, by handcycling regularly, the physical capacity can be improved. The potential of handcycling as an exercise mode for a healthy lifestyle should be recognized and advocated much more widely in rehabilitation and adapted sports practice. The interface between handcycle and its user should be optimized by choosing a suitable person-specific handcycle, but mainly by optimizing the handcycle dimensions to one's needs and desires. These dimensions can influence efficient handcycle use and potentially improve both endurance and speed of handcycling. Conclusion:To optimize performance in rehabilitation, daily life and recreational sports, continued and more systematic research is required. ä IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATIONHandcycling allows users to travel farther distances at higher speeds and to train outdoors. It should be recognized as an alternative exercise modality for daily outdoor use, also already in early rehabilitation, while it contributes to a healthy lifestyle. To individualize handcycle performance, the user-handcycle (assistive device) interface as well as the vehicle mechanics should be optimized to minimize external power and reduce friction, so that the upper body capacity can be efficiently used. To optimize handcycling individual performance, both the physiological and biomechanical aspects of handcycling should be considered when monitoring or testing handcycle exercise.

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Acute Response to One Bout of Dynamic Standing Exercise on Blood Glucose and Blood Lactate Among Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy Who are Nonambulant

Andersson

Lundström²,

Lauruschkus³

et al. 2022

Pediatric Exercise Science

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Purpose: To investigate the acute exercise effects of dynamic standing exercise on blood glucose and blood lactate among children and adolescents with cerebral palsy who are nonambulant. Methods: Twenty-four participants with cerebral palsy who are nonambulant performed 30 minutes of dynamic standing exercise using a motorized device enabling assisted passive movements in an upright weight-bearing position. Capillary blood samples were taken from the fingertip for measurement of blood glucose and blood lactate at rest and at the end of exercise. Results: At rest, the participants had hyperlactatemia that was unaffected after exercise, presented as median and interquartile range at rest 1.8 (1.3:2.7) mmol/L, and after exercise 2.0 (1.1:2.5) mmol/L. Children and adolescents with Gross Motor Function Classification System, level V, had higher lactate levels at rest (2.5 [1.8:2.9] vs 1.4 [1.0:2.0]; P = .030) and after exercise (2.3 [2.0:2.6] vs 1.2 [0.9:2.2]; P = .032) compared with children and adolescents with Gross Motor Function Classification System, level IV, respectively. A statistically significant larger decrease in blood lactate levels after exercise was observed in children and adolescents with higher resting blood lactate levels (ρ = .56; P = .004). There were no statistically significant changes in blood glucose. Conclusions: Forty percentage of the participants had mild hyperlactatemia at rest and participants with the highest blood lactate levels at rest had the greatest decrease in blood lactate levels after one bout of exercise. Children and adolescents who were classified with the highest level of the Gross Motor Function Classification Scale had higher blood lactate levels. More studies are needed on how to prevent chronically high resting levels of lactate with exercise in children with cerebral palsy who are nonambulant.

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The Effect of Handcycle Ergometer Exercise on Glucose Tolerance in Ambulatory and Non-Ambulatory Adolescents

Abstract: A single bout of handcycle exercise improves glucose tolerance in adolescents with and without mobility limitations and could therefore help maintain or improve metabolic health.

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and glucose ingestion on circulating spexin concentration in adolescents

Effect of obesity and type 2 diabetes, and glucose ingestion on circulating spexin concentration in adolescents

Biophysical aspects of handcycling performance in rehabilitation, daily life and recreational sports; a narrative review

Acute Response to One Bout of Dynamic Standing Exercise on Blood Glucose and Blood Lactate Among Children and Adolescents With Cerebral Palsy Who are Nonambulant

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