The effect of industrial pollution on Zinc, Cadmium and Copper concentration in the xylem rings of Scot's pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) and in the soil

Heavy Metals in Polish Forest Stands of Quercus Robur and Q. Petraea

“…However, the variation is generally higher in the outer, functional part of secondary xylem (sapwood) than in the inner, non-functional part (heartwood). This attests to transport of metals in younger xylem and confirms earlier observations on other tree species (Hagemeyer and Breckle, 1986;Balk and Hagemeyer, 1994;Brackhage et al, 1996;Trüby, 1995;Lukaszewski et al, 1988Lukaszewski et al, , 1993Nabais et al, 1999).…”

“…Many reports attest to the possible correlation between industrialization and motorization, associated with air pollution, and the level of heavy metals in corresponding growth rings (Ault et al, 1970;Ward et al, 1974;Rolfe, 1974;Kardell and Larsson, 1978;Queirolo et al, 1990). Other authors point to the possibility of radial movement of metals towards heartwood, which contradicts a strong relationship between concentration of heavy metals in successive growth rings and environmental pollution at that time (Hagemeyer and Breckle, 1986;Hagemeyer, 1995;Hagemeyer and Shin, 1995;Balk and Hagemeyer, 1994;Brackhage et al, 1996;Lukaszewski et al, 1988Lukaszewski et al, , 1993Nabais et al, 1999;). It was found that xylem has ion-exchanging properties, as Ca 2+ ions exclude Pb 2+ and Cu 2+ ions from xylem.…”

Use of Dendrochronology and Dendrochemistry in Environmental Forensics: Does It Meet theDaubertCriteria?

“…While several studies found that dendrochemical concentration changes were reliable indicators of environmental change through time (Baes and McLaughlin, 1984;Momoshima and Bondietti, 1990;Bondietti et al, 1990;Guyette and Cutter, 1994;Yanosky and Kappel, 1997;Orlandi et al, 2002;Punshon et al, 2003Punshon et al, , 2004Pearson et al, 2008), other studies found no correlation (Hagemeyer, 1993;Hagemeyer et al, 1992;DeWalle et al, 1999;Bindler et al, 2004). Studies that found no correlation with environmental changes either concluded that the method was not useful to date the target event or attributed the dendrochemical changes to differences in the nature of heartwood and sapwood (Brownridge, 1984), to element accumulation in the outermost rings (Poulson et al, 1995), to radial transport and water transport through multiple sapwood rings (Lukaszewski et al, 1988;Hagemeyer et al, 1994;Zayed et al, 1992), or to reliance on analytical approaches that homogenize the wood (Brabander et al, 1999). The apparent controversy illustrates the need to understand the influences on dendrochemistry when interpreting the data.…”

Distribution of thallium and accompanying metals in tree rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) from a smelter-affected area

“…2), Zn pattern in trees significantly correlates (R= 0.82, p b 0.05) with its historical deposition. Despite this fact, there is a tendency of Zn for lateral transport in Scots pine (e.g., Lukaszewski et al, 1988), resulting from higher solubility and essentiality of Zn and/or low density of the xylem. Symeonides (1979) and Brackhage et al (1996) observed Zn accumulation in pine heartwood and heartwood-sapwood transition zone unrelated to time of metal exposure.…”