The effect of insertion devices on the beam dynamics in PLS-II

A new PLS-II in-vacuum undulator and characterization of undulator radiation

“…The changes of emittance, energy spread, and energy loss are due to undulator radiation. These changes by IVU are less than a few percent, since the peak field and period length of the undulator are small [10].…”

“…The periodic beam path through the insertion device causes nonlinear and periodic magnetic interaction. The effect of the nonlinear intrinsic and transverse field roll-off from the IVU on particle tracking is very small and negligible due to the small peak field and the period length [10]. However, unlike an ideal insertion device, the first and second field integrals of the insertion device distort the equilibrium orbit in a real insertion device.…”