Hydrogen
fuel is one of the most promising, renewable, and carbon-free
alternatives to contaminating fossil fuels that are being used to
date. Producing hydrogen by water splitting may not be efficient in
some catalysts mainly due to the high overpotential that exists in
forming oxygen, a half-reaction that occurs on the anode where water
molecules are being oxidized. One of the best catalysts for the oxygen
evolution reaction (OER) with a low overpotential is a unique two-dimensional
bilayer system composed of monolayers of defected graphene and Fe-doped
β-Ni(OH)2. Here, we display by density functional
theory how carbon vacancies and possible mechanical changes including
sliding and twisting between layers of graphene//β-NiOOH affect
the OER overpotential. Our results show that larger sliding energy
between layers at an optimal concentration of carbon vacancies indicates
better adhesion and electron transfer between the layers that consequently
lowers the OER overpotential. This study contributes to understanding
that finding improved two-dimensional catalysts for green hydrogen
production could be achieved by designing interfaces with greater
bonding and that sliding energy between the layers may serve as a
control handle for engineering better catalysts.