The Effect of Intravenous Premedication With Lorazepam (Ativan), Pentobarbitone or Diazepam on Recall

Heisterkamp, David V.; Cohen, Peter J.

doi:10.1093/bja/47.1.79

Cited by 49 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…It was reported that lorazepam and the anticholinergic drug scopolamine produce similar impairment of memory function (Curran et al 1991;Mintzer & Griffiths, 2003), whereas diazepam has less pronounced effects, in particular on implicit memory (Heisterkamp & Cohen, 1975;Healey et al 1983;Sellal et al 1992;Legrand et al 1995;Vidailhet et al 1996;Wagemans et al 1998). ACh has a central role in memory function (Hasselmo & Bower, 1993).…”

Section: J Physiol 5691mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have suggested that the effect of different benzodiazepines on memory is not uniform. While lorazepam produced a maximum impairment of memory, in particular implicit memory, diazepam had minimal or no effects (Heisterkamp & Cohen, 1975;Healey et al 1983;Sellal et al 1992;Legrand et al 1995;Vidailhet et al 1996;Wagemans et al 1998). These studies provided the rationale for the present investigation that aimed at comparing the effects of diazepam versus lorazepam on SAI.…”

mentioning

confidence: 91%

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Dissociated effects of diazepam and lorazepam on short‐latency afferent inhibition

Lazzaro

Pilato

Dileone

et al. 2005

The Journal of Physiology

182

109

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Peripheral nerve inputs have an inhibitory effect on motor cortex excitability at short intervals (short-latency afferent inhibition, SAI). This can be tested by coupling electrical stimulation of peripheral nerve with transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) of the motor cortex. SAI is reduced by the anticholinergic drug scopolamine, and in patients with Alzheimer's disease. Therefore, it is possible that SAI is a marker of central cholinergic activity important for memory function. The benzodiazepine lorazepam also reduces SAI. Since benzodiazepines impair memory formation, but do not do so uniformly, with a maximum amnesic effect after lorazepam but less or no effect after diazepam, we were interested in testing in this non-behavioural study to what extent the effects of lorazepam and diazepam on circuits involved in SAI could be dissociated. In addition, and for control, we tested the effects of lorazepam and diazepam on short-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI), a motor cortical inhibition mediated through the GABA A receptor. Lorazepam markedly reduced SAI, whereas diazepam slightly increased it. In contrast, both benzodiazepines uniformly increased SICI. Our findings demonstrate opposite effects of lorazepam and diazepam on SAI, an inhibition modulated by central cholinergic activity, but the same effects on SICI, a marker of neurotransmission through the GABA A receptor. This dissociation suggests, for the first time, that TMS measures of cortical inhibition provide the opportunity to segregate differences of benzodiazepine action in human central nervous system circuits.

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Section: J Physiol 5691mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 91%

Dissociated effects of diazepam and lorazepam on short‐latency afferent inhibition

Lazzaro

Pilato

Dileone

et al. 2005

The Journal of Physiology

182

109

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The sample size and drug dosage and timing are comparable to previous studies. However, intravenous drug administration, a different benzodiazepine or higher dosages may have produced different results (Heisterkamp and Cohen, 1975;George and Dundee, 1977;Kothary et al, 1981). Brown, Brown and Bowes (1983) reported on the intersubject variability of amnesic response and used 2.5 mg oral lorazepam in some studies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Research suggests that benzodiazepines act selectively on several specific memory processes such as long-term memory (LTM) but not short-term memory (STM), on episodic memory but not semantic memory (Brown et al, 1982;Mewaldt, Hinrichs and Ghoneim, 1983) and on acquisition but not retrieval processes (Lister, 1985). As a group, it is suggested that benzodiazepines have qualitatively similar effects on memory and performance after an acute dosage but to differing degrees and durations (Heisterkamp and Cohen, 1975;Kothary et al, 1981) which depend on the drug (George and Dundee, 1977), the dose (Ghoneim, Hinrichs and Mewaldt, 1984) and the route of administration-intravenous or oral (Pandit, Heisterkamp and Cohen, 1976). Memory span, as indexed, for example, by digit span, is not impaired by the administration of benzodiazepines (Brown et al, 1982;Mallick et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interference effects on verbal memory function, following oral lorazepam

Tsakonas

Kirkby²,

Montgomery

et al. 1996

J Psychopharmacol

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Previous studies have consistently reported deficits in verbal memory following oral lorazepam administration. The possible role of susceptibility to interference effects as a contributory mechanism in benzodiazepine amnesia has not been examined as an independent variable. In addition, most studies of benzodiazepine amnesia have not controlled for the possible confounding effects of alcohol consumption, recently reported to affect the degree of amnesia produced by lorazepam. The present study assessed the verbal memory capabilities of 24 low social drinkers (MAST score < 3) receiving either oral lorazepam (2 mg) or placebo. Interference effects on verbal memory were assessed using the Auditory herbal Learning Test, with either the interference word list (trial B) or a counting backwards task. Lorazepam significantly reduced the recall scores for list B, compared to the first presentation of list A, suggesting lorazepam may increase susceptibility to proactive interference. There was no drug effect on retroactive interference. With regard to recall per se, lorazepam impaired verbal learning for initial acquisition trials (trials 2 and 3) but not subsequent trials, where learning was comparable to the placebo. Lorazepam did not produce significant impairment in immediate and delayed recall trials. This pattern of recall does not conform to the classic profile of benzodiazepine-induced amnesia; potential explanations for this are discussed.

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“…the anterograde amnesia often reported [Clarke et al. 1970: Heisterkamp and Cohen. 1975: Dundee and George.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Zopiclone and Benzodiazepine Hypnotics on Search in Short-Term Memory

Subhan¹,

Hindmarch²

1984

Neuropsychobiology

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The effects of zopiclone 7.5 mg in comparison to flunitrazepam 1 mg, triazolam 0.25 mg and lormetazepam 1 mg on stages of information processing in a memory-scanning task were investigated in 10 normal volunteers using a double-blind placebo-controlled cross-over design. Overall reaction times for the test were significantly increased 1 h following treatment with zopiclone, flunitrazepam and triazolam and in the morning following nighttime medication with flunitrazepam. The effects of zopiclone, flunitrazepam and triazolam were found to be located in the serial comparison and response-selection organization stages of the reaction process although both flunitrazepam and triazolam caused additional impairment of stimulus encoding.

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The Effect of Intravenous Premedication With Lorazepam (Ativan), Pentobarbitone or Diazepam on Recall

Cited by 49 publications

References 5 publications

Dissociated effects of diazepam and lorazepam on short‐latency afferent inhibition

Dissociated effects of diazepam and lorazepam on short‐latency afferent inhibition

Interference effects on verbal memory function, following oral lorazepam

Effects of Zopiclone and Benzodiazepine Hypnotics on Search in Short-Term Memory

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