The effect of ionic cross linker on self-healing natural rubber

Zainol, Mohd Hafiz; Shuib, Raa Khimi

doi:10.1063/5.0016182

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 8 publications

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“…When peroxide‐cross‐linked NR was filled with zinc thiolate at 30 phr, the NR achieved 100% recovery of tensile strength, elongation at break, and tear strength within ≈10 min of healing at room temperature (r.t.). [ 16–18 ] Epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) stands out as a preferred substrate material because of its facile modification of epoxy groups. To establish reversible noncovalent bonds, ENR undergoes reactions involving various chemical functional groups, such as dicarboxylic acids [ 19 ] or mixed metal ions (Fe─Zn), along with diamine as a cross‐linking agent.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein‐Mediated ZnO Synthesis for Self‐Healing in Natural Rubber

Fueangphakdee,

Nimpaiboon,

Junkong

2024

Macro Materials & Eng

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Natural rubber (NR) consists of mainly cis‐1,4‐polyisoprene with proteins as notable nonrubber components that significantly influence its properties. A relatively unexplored aspect is the role of these proteins in reducing and stabilizing metal ions to form metallic particles. Here, the NR/ZnO composite is successfully prepared by in situ generation of ZnO in the NR latex for the first time. With the aid of the proteins, the amount of ZnO is slightly higher than that formed in the saponified NR latex (SPNR), where some proteins are removed. Importantly, the noncovalent bonds between the proteins and/or amino acids with the ZnO formed in the NR latex can provide the self‐healing behavior of the NR/ZnO composite. However, heating at ≈40 °C is still necessary for reducing the healing time and increasing the self‐healing efficiency of the composite. Nevertheless, greater noncovalent bonds within NR/ZnO hinder rubber molecular chain interdiffusion and rearrangement essential for self‐healing behavior in uncross‐linked rubber, resulting in lower healing efficiency compared to SPNR/ZnO. This study underscores the significance of proteins and/or amino acids on NR's properties, despite their minor presence. Without sophisticated NR modification, this is a very simple and low‐cost technique to achieve the NR/ZnO composite with self‐healing behavior.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein‐Mediated ZnO Synthesis for Self‐Healing in Natural Rubber

Fueangphakdee,

Nimpaiboon,

Junkong

2024

Macro Materials & Eng

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Chemical approaches for fabrication of self-healing polymers

Zafeer,

Bhat

2024

Discov Appl Sci

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In recent years, significant progress has been made in the development of polymeric materials, driving rapid expansion in associated industries and a surge in plastic production and usage. Consequently, the substantial generation of plastic waste has raised environmental concerns. One critical issue is the tendency of polymers to degrade over time, leading to disposal. Introducing self-healing systems capable of autonomously repairing damage caused by external factors can extend material lifespan, offering an effective means to mitigate polymer waste. The concept of self-healing draws inspiration from the regenerative abilities of living organisms. Extensive research over the past decade has led to significant advancements in self-healing materials, which can naturally repair and regain functionality using accessible resources. Various approaches, including physical, chemical, and physio-chemical methods, are employed in self-healing polymers. These self-healing mechanisms can be autonomic or triggered by external stimuli such as heat, solvent, or pressure. From thermosets to thermoplastics to elastomers, polymers of all types can exhibit self-healing properties. This review article delves into chemical approaches of fabricating self-healing synthetic polymers, focusing primarily on covalently cross-linked polymers with an emphasis on the Diels–Alder reaction. Additionally, the review offers a comprehensive discussion and compilation of different research works concerning other chemical approaches used in polymer self-healing.

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