The effect of light regime and time of slaughter in broiler on broiler performance, liver antioxidant status, and expression of genes related to peptide absorption in the jejunum and melatonin synthesis in the brain

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effects of light regime and time of slaughter on primal cut and organ weights, peptide transporter 1 (PEPT1) gene expression in the jejunum, arylalkylamine N-acetyltransferase (AANAT) gene expression in the brain, and liver oxidant/antioxidant status in broilers aged 37 days. The experiment was conducted in a factorial completely randomized design, with two light regimes (intermittent light varying according to bird age and continuous light under an 18 h light/6 h dark photoperiod) and four times of slaughter (2:00, 8:00, 14:00 and 20:00 h). There was an interaction effect on PEPT1 and AANAT expression, lipid and protein oxidation and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. In both light regimes, PEPT1 expression responded cubically to slaughter time. In the continuous light group, PEPT1 expression was highest in birds slaughtered at 2:00 and 14:00 h, whereas, in the intermittent light treatment, expression was highest at 8:00 h. In the continuous light regime, AANAT expression had a cubic relationship with time of slaughter, with the greatest values recorded at 20:00 h. In the intermittent light regime, slaughter time showed a cubic effect on lipid oxidation, which was highest at 8:00 h. In the continuous light group, there was a cubic effect on nitrite concentration, lipid oxidation, protein oxidation, and SOD activity; nitrite levels, lipid oxidation, and protein oxidation were highest and SOD activity was lowest in birds slaughtered at 14:00 h. Time of slaughter influenced catalase activity, which responded cubically; catalase activity was lowest at 8:00 and 14:00 h. This study is the first to demonstrate that PEPT1 expression in the jejunum of broilers follows a diurnal rhythm and varies according to light regime. The results also suggest that mainly continuous lighting and slaughter at 14:00 h when the animals are possibly more active may be more stressful to broilers.

Effects of organic zinc on production performance, meat quality, apparent nutrient digestibility and gut microbiota of broilers fed low-protein diets

“…It is supposed that this may be the reason for higher DM, CP and NFE digestibility in Group C than in control group. These results were consistent with those of previous studies showing that upregulation of expression of PepT1, SGLT1, MCT4 and MCT1 improved nutrient digestibility 49 , 52 – 54 .…”

“…Therefore, the experiment investigated expression of PepT1, SGLT1, MCT4 and MCT1 in broilers ileum. Since dietary proteins are absorbed as dipeptides and tripeptides rather than free amino acids in small intestine, PepT1, which is responsible for intestinal absorption of small peptides, is important nutritionally 49 . The sodium-glucose cotransporter SGLT1 is primarily responsible for glucose uptake 50 , and glucose is mainly a product of NFE.…”

Effect of organic zinc on production performances, meat performances, apparent nutrients digestibility and gut microbiota of broilers in low protein diets

“…Therefore, the experiment investigated the expression of PepT1, SGLT1, MCT4 and MCT1 in broilers ileum. Since dietary proteins are absorbed as dipeptides and tripeptides rather than free amino acids in the small intestine, PEPT1, which is responsible for intestinal absorption of small peptides, is extremely important nutritionally 44 . The sodium-glucose cotransporter, SGLT1, is primarily responsible for glucose uptake 45 , and glucose is mainly a product of NFE.…”

Melatonin from Microorganisms, Algae, and Plants as Possible Alternatives to Synthetic Melatonin

“…Biologically, melatonin is a molecule widely distributed in all kingdoms of living organisms [ 5 ]. Discovered in 1958 in the pineal gland of a cow [ 6 ] and later in humans [ 7 ], it is one of the most studied biomolecules, and its multiple functions are known, mainly in mammals [ 8 , 9 ], but also in fish [ 10 , 11 , 12 ], poultry [ 13 , 14 ], and invertebrates [ 15 ]. In animal and human cells, melatonin acts as an antioxidant—a relevant role attributed to it in 1993 [ 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”