The effect of local application of thymoquinone, Nigella sativa’s bioactive component, on bone healing in experimental bone defects infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis

Abstract

Purpose This study was performed to evaluate the influence of local application of thymoquinone (TQ) on bone healing in experimental bone defects infected with Porphyromonas gingivalis (PG). Methods Forty-two female rats were randomly divided into 6 groups. A bone defect was created on the right tibia of all animals. The PG, PG/collagen membrane (COL) and PG/TQ/COL groups were infected with PG. In the COL and PG/COL groups, the defects were covered with a COL; in the TQ/COL and PG/TQ/COL groups, the defects were covered with a TQ-containing COL. After 28 days, all animals were sacrificed. Quantitative measurements of new bone formation and osteoblast lining, as well as semiquantitative measurements of capillary density and tissue response, were analyzed. Furthermore, the presence of bacterial infections in defect areas was evaluated. Results The new bone formation, osteoblast number, and capillary density were significantly higher in the TQ groups than in the control groups ( P <0.001, P <0.001, and P <0.01, respectively). In a comparison between the TQ/COL group, with a TQ-containing COL (TQ/COL), and the PG – infected TQ-containing COL (PG/TQ/COL) group, the newly formed bone and capillary density were higher in the TQ/COL group ( P <0.01). When the control group was compared to the PG, PG/COL, and PG/TQ/COL groups in terms of tissue response, the differences were statistically significant ( P <0.001, P =0.02, and P =0.041, respectively). The intensity of the inflammatory cell reaction was higher in the PG, PG/COL, and PG/TQ/COL groups ( P <0.05). Conclusions Within the limitations of this study, the local application of a TQ-containing COL positively affected bone healing even if the bone defects were infected. The results suggest that TQ increased angiogenesis and showed promise for accelerating bone defect healing. Further research is warranted to support these findings and reach more definitive conclusions.

Magnetic microspheres mimicking certain functions of macrophages: Towards precise antibacterial potency for bone defect healing

“…However, the size of bone defects varies among different individuals, making it difficult to accurately evaluate the antibacterial and regenerative performances of the implanted materials. To address this issue, we combined trauma-induced bone defects with bacterial inoculation [ 47 , 48 ], ensuring defect size consistency among different individuals. The second is the dosage of BMP-2.…”

Expression and ratio of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand and osteoprotegerin following application of Nigella sativa/bovine bone graft combination in post tooth extraction sockets

“…[ 15 ] This finding is also supported by research conducted in 2022 by Baştuğ et al ., who discovered that thymoquinone administration can increase the production of new bone, the quantity of osteoblasts, and the density of blood vessels. [ 16 ]…”