The effect of long-term post-ischemic bifemelane hydrochloride treatment on cholinergic systems in the gerbil hippocampus

Huang, Yi Lin; Oda, Hiroshi; Takeda, Atsushi; Itoyama, Yasuto; Kogure, Kyuya

doi:10.1016/0006-8993(96)00192-8

Cited by 4 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 12 publications

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“…40,41) The hippocampus has been associated with memory processes and it is densely innervated by cholinergic fibers. 42) Gottesfeld et al showed a decrease in ChAT activity after repeated immobilization stress. 43) After electroshock, the ACh concentration was found to be reduced in the brain of rats.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antidepressant Effects of Soyo-san on Immobilization Stress in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Kim

Park

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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Depressive disorders are among the most frequently occurring psychiatric diseases, and are prevalent in at least 15% of the population. However, the prevalence of depressive disorders is twice as high in women as in men.1) The higher incidence and severity of depression is associated with the presence or absence of ovarian hormones.2) The ovarian hormones related to the menopause-induced depression influence the hippocampal anatomy and physiology; thus, they affect behavior in adult female rats. [3][4][5] The hippocampus plays an important role in the negative feedback mechanism of the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal (LHPA) axis. It expresses high levels of adrenal steroid receptors and is especially susceptible to damage as a result of stress. 6,7) In the hippocampus, stress hormones induce regression of the dendritic processes and cell death, inhibit neurogenesis, and impair the ability of neurons to survive noxious stimuli such as seizure, hypoxia-ischemia, metabolic poisons, hypoglycemia and oxygen radical generators.8) The damage caused by a heightened stress response resulting from dysregulation of the LHPA axis is hypothesized to play a role in the reduced hippocampal volume often associated with major depression.9,10) Several neurotransmitter systems implicated in the regulation of the HPA axis have been hypothesized to be dysfunctional in major depression, including acetylcholine (ACh), norepnephrine, serotonin and dopamine.11) The central cholinergic neurons are of putative relevance to major depression. 12)Soyo-san consists of 9 kinds of medicinal herbs: Paeoliae Radix Alba, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Angelicae Gigantis Radix, Poria, Liriopis Tuber, Bupleuri Radix, Menthae Herba, Glycyrrhizae Radix and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens. Soyo-san is a traditional oriental herbal medicine, and it has been used in the treatment of mental stress, hypochondriac distensive pain, hysteria and manic-depressive illness. The various findings of recent preclinical studies have supported the therapeutic value of Soyo-san in a clinical setting. 13,14) In laboratory studies of animals, Soyo-san has also been shown to have antidepressive-like effects when using the tail suspension and forced swimming tests. 15,16) In animal models, it was suggested that exposure to uncontrollable and stressful life events led to a feeling of 'loss of control' which ultimately led to depression. In this 'learned helplessness' response, animals exposed to stressors have impaired performance in learning and memory.17)The aim of the present study was to explore the behavioral and the neurobiological effects of Soyo-san on ovariectomized female rats and to form a basis for clinical treatment. Soya-san's antidepressant effect was tested via a Morris water maze (MWM) and an elevated pulse maze (EPM), and we measured the serum corticosterone and immunohistochemical changes of acetylcholine in the brain. MATERIALS AND METHODSPreparation of Drug Soyo-san was prepared by mixing the 9 crude drugs in the same ratio (Table 1). It was provi...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Antidepressant Effects of Soyo-san on Immobilization Stress in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Kim

Park

et al. 2007

Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin

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An incomplete cerebral ischemia produced a delayed dysfunction in the rat hippocampal system

Mori¹,

Yoshioka²,

Suda³

et al. 1998

Brain Research

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Effects of Bifemelane on Incomplete Cerebral Ischaemia‐Induced Reduction of Long‐Term Potentiation in Rat Hippocampal Neurones in vivo

Mori

Suda

Togashi

et al. 1999

Pharmacology & Toxicology

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Abstract:In the present study, we investigated the effects of bifemelane on the reduction of hippocampal long-term potentiation after transient ischaemia. Bilateral common carotid arteries were clamped for 10 min. in halothane-anaesthetized rats. Thirty min. before occlusion, bifemelane (25 mg/kg, intraperitoneally) or saline was administered to the rats. Four days after occlusion, we measured long-term potentiation in Schaffer collateral-CAl synapses and perforant pathdentate gyrus synapses in v i v a Long-term potentiation was significantly reduced in both the Schaffer collateral-CAl and perforant path-dentate gyrus synapses in the saline-injected group. However bifemelane decreased the ischaemia-induced reduction of long-term potentiation in perforant path-dentate gyrus synapses, but not in Schaffer collateral-CAl synapses. The findings suggest that bifemelane deserves further attention with regard to possible protective role in ischaemia.

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The effect of long-term post-ischemic bifemelane hydrochloride treatment on cholinergic systems in the gerbil hippocampus

Cited by 4 publications

References 12 publications

Antidepressant Effects of Soyo-san on Immobilization Stress in Ovariectomized Female Rats

Antidepressant Effects of Soyo-san on Immobilization Stress in Ovariectomized Female Rats

An incomplete cerebral ischemia produced a delayed dysfunction in the rat hippocampal system

Effects of Bifemelane on Incomplete Cerebral Ischaemia‐Induced Reduction of Long‐Term Potentiation in Rat Hippocampal Neurones in vivo

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